Ultrasound-Assisted Dual-Enzyme System for the Preparation of Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters

IF 2.3 4区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Catalysis Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI:10.1007/s10562-024-04908-3

Yan Wang, Xiaohong Hao, Xiongzhi Da, Xiangsheng Zheng

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Abstract

This study focuses on the preparation of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) in a solvent-free system using high-acid-value waste oil as the raw material. The research involves the addition of two enzymes with different substrate specificities, accompanied by ultrasonic assistance. The investigation explores the impact of enzyme addition (3–7 wt%), enzyme ratio (3:1–1:3), alcohol–oil ratio (5:1–25:1 mmol/g), reaction temperature (30–70 °C), reaction time (30–210 min), and ultrasonic power (0–150 W) on the experimental outcomes. Reaction conditions were optimized by analyzing regression models. The predicted optimal process parameters for FAEE conversion are as follows: enzyme addition of 5.46 wt%, enzyme ratio of 1:2.23, alcohol–oil ratio of 13.79:1 mmol/g, reaction temperature of 60 °C, reaction time of 160 min, and ultrasonic power of 120 W. Under these optimized conditions, three validation experiments were carried out to take the average value, and the conversion rate of FAEE was 93.57 ± 1.17%, which was in good agreement with the predicted value. These results showed that the synergistic effect of the two enzymes accelerated the migration of acyl groups, verified the advantages of the dual enzyme as a catalyst, and provided theoretical support for the preparation of biodiesel by the dual enzyme system.

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来源期刊

Catalysis Letters 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.60%

发文量

327

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Catalysis Letters aim is the rapid publication of outstanding and high-impact original research articles in catalysis. The scope of the journal covers a broad range of topics in all fields of both applied and theoretical catalysis, including heterogeneous, homogeneous and biocatalysis. The high-quality original research articles published in Catalysis Letters are subject to rigorous peer review. Accepted papers are published online first and subsequently in print issues. All contributions must include a graphical abstract. Manuscripts should be written in English and the responsibility lies with the authors to ensure that they are grammatically and linguistically correct. Authors for whom English is not the working language are encouraged to consider using a professional language-editing service before submitting their manuscripts.