Phenol formaldehyde resin impregnation of spruce wood to improve the dimensional stability and acoustic performance of harp soundboards

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY
Taiki Okada, Eiichi Obataya, Shin-ichiro Yokota, Hiroshi Okumura
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Abstract

To prevent cracks in the wooden soundboards of harps while maintaining its acoustic performance, Sitka spruce wood was impregnated with phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin. PF treatment significantly improved the dimensional stability of wood through the bulking effect of the PF resin introduced into the wood cell wall. Highly moistened wood was fixed at its ends and dried. The unmodified wood failed owing to drying stress, whereas the PF-treated wood did not fail because of its excellent dimensional stability. In addition, PF treatment was found to significantly reduce the internal friction of the wood, resulting in an improvement in the acoustic conversion efficiency. These results suggest that PF resin impregnation is a promising method for preventing the cracking of soundboards without degrading their acoustic quality. By contrast, the PF resin migrated around the surface, from which the solvent evaporated. If we need to modify the wood uniformly along the longitudinal (L) direction, its ends or cross-sections should be closed to prevent the migration of the PF resin along the L direction during solvent removal. It is practically difficult to prevent the condensation of the PF resin around the straight-grained surface when a large-dimensional soundboard is impregnated with PF resin. However, the results of a simulation using a multilayered model predicted that such condensation did not adversely affect the acoustic quality of the soundboard.

Abstract Image

用酚醛树脂浸渍云杉木材,提高竖琴音板的尺寸稳定性和声学性能
为了防止竖琴的木制音板出现裂缝,同时保持其声学性能,锡特卡云杉木材浸渍了酚醛(PF)树脂。酚醛处理通过引入木材细胞壁的酚醛树脂的膨胀作用,显著提高了木材的尺寸稳定性。高度湿润的木头被固定在它的两端,然后干燥。未经改性的木材由于干燥应力而失效,而经过pf处理的木材由于其优异的尺寸稳定性而不会失效。此外,发现PF处理可以显著降低木材的内摩擦,从而提高声转换效率。这些结果表明,酚醛树脂浸渍是一种很有前途的防止音板开裂而不降低音质的方法。相比之下,酚醛树脂在表面周围迁移,溶剂从表面蒸发。如果我们需要沿着纵向(L)方向均匀地修改木材,则应关闭其末端或横截面,以防止溶剂去除过程中PF树脂沿L方向迁移。当大尺寸音板浸渍PF树脂时,实际上很难防止PF树脂在直纹表面周围的凝结。然而,使用多层模型的模拟结果预测,这种冷凝不会对音板的音质产生不利影响。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 工程技术-材料科学:纸与木材
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.80%
发文量
124
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: European Journal of Wood and Wood Products reports on original research and new developments in the field of wood and wood products and their biological, chemical, physical as well as mechanical and technological properties, processes and uses. Subjects range from roundwood to wood based products, composite materials and structural applications, with related jointing techniques. Moreover, it deals with wood as a chemical raw material, source of energy as well as with inter-disciplinary aspects of environmental assessment and international markets. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products aims at promoting international scientific communication and transfer of new technologies from research into practice.
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