Association Between Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Serum Neurotransmitter Levels in Major Depressive Disorder Patients: A Case-Control Study in Bangladesh.

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY
Journal of Parasitology Research Pub Date : 2024-12-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1155/japr/7054920
Jerin E Gulshan, Samia Sultana Lira, M M A Shalahuddin Qusar, Md Ismail Hosen, Atiqur Rahman, Md Rabiul Islam, Taibur Rahman
{"title":"Association Between <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Infection and Serum Neurotransmitter Levels in Major Depressive Disorder Patients: A Case-Control Study in Bangladesh.","authors":"Jerin E Gulshan, Samia Sultana Lira, M M A Shalahuddin Qusar, Md Ismail Hosen, Atiqur Rahman, Md Rabiul Islam, Taibur Rahman","doi":"10.1155/japr/7054920","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>) is an obligate, intracellular, neurotropic protozoan parasite. After primary infection, <i>T. gondii</i> parasite undergoes stage conversion from fast-replicating tachyzoites to slow-replicating dormant bradyzoites, particularly in the brain, and persists for a lifetime of an individual. In this study, the impact of <i>T. gondii</i> infection in individuals with psychological disorder, that is, major depressive disorder (MDD) has been studied. Ninety-five MDD (<i>n</i> = 95) patients were enrolled with age and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs, <i>n</i> = 90). The seroprevalence of <i>T. gondii</i> infection among these individuals was determined using the TOXO IgM/IgG Rapid Test Cassette that determines the anti-<i>T. gondii</i> IgM and IgG antibodies in the serum samples. Furthermore, to understand the impact of <i>T. gondii</i> in developing major depression, the serum level of neurotransmitters (i.e., dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline) was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our data suggest that anti-<i>T. gondii</i> IgG was slightly higher in MDD patients than in HCs. The level of dopamine was significantly lower in <i>T. gondii</i>-infected MDD patients than in HCs. However, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels showed increasing levels in <i>T. gondii</i>-infected MDD patients. The level of neurotransmitters was correlated with the DSM-D scores of MDD patients. These data, nevertheless, confirm that <i>T. gondii</i> might affect the level of neurotransmitters in MDD patients. However, whether the reduced level of dopamine and increased level of adrenaline and noradrenaline act as contributing factors for the development of MDD is yet to be known.</p>","PeriodicalId":16662,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parasitology Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7054920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671603/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Parasitology Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/japr/7054920","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PARASITOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate, intracellular, neurotropic protozoan parasite. After primary infection, T. gondii parasite undergoes stage conversion from fast-replicating tachyzoites to slow-replicating dormant bradyzoites, particularly in the brain, and persists for a lifetime of an individual. In this study, the impact of T. gondii infection in individuals with psychological disorder, that is, major depressive disorder (MDD) has been studied. Ninety-five MDD (n = 95) patients were enrolled with age and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs, n = 90). The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among these individuals was determined using the TOXO IgM/IgG Rapid Test Cassette that determines the anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies in the serum samples. Furthermore, to understand the impact of T. gondii in developing major depression, the serum level of neurotransmitters (i.e., dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline) was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our data suggest that anti-T. gondii IgG was slightly higher in MDD patients than in HCs. The level of dopamine was significantly lower in T. gondii-infected MDD patients than in HCs. However, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels showed increasing levels in T. gondii-infected MDD patients. The level of neurotransmitters was correlated with the DSM-D scores of MDD patients. These data, nevertheless, confirm that T. gondii might affect the level of neurotransmitters in MDD patients. However, whether the reduced level of dopamine and increased level of adrenaline and noradrenaline act as contributing factors for the development of MDD is yet to be known.

刚地弓形虫感染与孟加拉国重度抑郁症患者血清神经递质水平的关系:一项病例对照研究
刚地弓形虫是一种专性的、细胞内的、嗜神经的原生动物寄生虫。初次感染后,弓形虫寄生虫经历了从快速复制的速殖体到缓慢复制的休眠慢殖体的阶段转化,特别是在大脑中,并在个体的一生中持续。本研究研究了弓形虫感染对心理障碍即重度抑郁症(MDD)患者的影响。95例重度抑郁症患者(n = 95)与年龄和性别匹配的健康对照(hc, n = 90)入组。使用弓形虫IgM/IgG快速检测盒测定抗t抗体,确定这些个体中弓形虫感染的血清阳性率。血清中检测弓形虫IgM和IgG抗体。此外,为了了解弓形虫对重度抑郁症的影响,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定血清神经递质(即多巴胺、肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素)水平。我们的数据表明anti-T。MDD患者的弓形虫IgG水平略高于hc患者。弓形虫感染MDD患者的多巴胺水平明显低于丙型肝炎患者。然而,刚地弓形虫感染的重度抑郁症患者的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素水平升高。神经递质水平与重度抑郁症患者的DSM-D评分相关。然而,这些数据证实,弓形虫可能影响重度抑郁症患者的神经递质水平。然而,多巴胺水平的降低以及肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素水平的升高是否会导致重度抑郁症的发生尚不清楚。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Journal of Parasitology Research
Journal of Parasitology Research Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
9.10%
发文量
49
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Parasitology Research is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of basic and applied parasitology. Articles covering host-parasite relationships and parasitic diseases will be considered, as well as studies on disease vectors. Articles highlighting social and economic issues around the impact of parasites are also encouraged. As an international, Open Access publication, Journal of Parasitology Research aims to foster learning and collaboration between countries and communities.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信