Sex Differences in the Anxiolytic Properties of Common Cannabis Terpenes, Linalool and β-Myrcene, in Mice.

IF 1.6 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
NeuroSci Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI:10.3390/neurosci5040045
Jasmin K Wagner, Ella Gambell, Tucker Gibbons, Thomas J Martin, Joshua S Kaplan
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Abstract

Volatile organic compounds, colloquially referred to as "terpenes", have been proposed to impact the therapeutic qualities that are traditionally ascribed to cannabis. However, the contribution of these terpenes in anxiety, at relevant levels and exposure methods common with cannabis use, is lacking empirical assessment. We tested the anxiolytic properties of two prominent cannabis terpenes, linalool and β-myrcene, in male and female mice using short duration vapor pulls to model human inhalation when combusting flower or vaping cannabis oil. We observed sex differences in the locomotor effects in the open field and anxiolytic properties in the elevated plus maze of these terpenes that depended on their exposure characteristics. Both linalool and β-myrcene had anxiolytic effects in female mice when delivered in discrete vapor pulls over the course of 30 min. In male mice, only a single vapor hit containing linalool or β-myrcene had anxiolytic effects. The combination of sub-effective levels of linalool and the phytocannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD), had synergistic anxiolytic effects in females, but these entourage effects between CBD and terpenes were absent with β-myrcene for females and for either terpene in males. Together, our findings reveal sex differences in the anxiolytic properties of common cannabis terpenes and highlight the potential benefits of unique combinations of CBD and terpenes in expanding the therapeutic dose window.

常见大麻萜类、芳樟醇和β-月桂烯抗焦虑性的性别差异。
挥发性有机化合物,通俗地称为“萜烯”,已被提议影响传统上归因于大麻的治疗品质。然而,这些萜烯在焦虑中的作用,在相关水平和大麻使用中常见的暴露方法,缺乏经验评估。我们在雄性和雌性小鼠身上测试了两种主要的大麻萜烯,芳樟醇和β-月桂烯的抗焦虑特性,使用短时间的蒸汽拉来模拟人类在燃烧花或雾化大麻油时的吸入。我们观察到这些萜烯的暴露特性决定了它们在开阔场地的运动效应和在高负荷迷宫中的抗焦虑特性的性别差异。在连续30分钟的蒸汽中,芳樟醇和β-月桂烯在雌性小鼠中都有抗焦虑作用。在雄性小鼠中,只有一次含有芳樟醇和β-月桂烯的蒸汽才有抗焦虑作用。亚有效水平的芳樟醇和植物大麻素大麻二酚(CBD)联合在雌性中具有协同抗焦虑作用,但CBD和萜烯之间的这种伴随效应在雌性和雄性中对β-月桂烯和任一萜烯都不存在。总之,我们的研究结果揭示了常见大麻萜烯的抗焦虑特性的性别差异,并强调了CBD和萜烯的独特组合在扩大治疗剂量窗口方面的潜在益处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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