Trends in naloxone co-prescriptions

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.112528

Jainaba Dumbuya , Mitchell J. Barnett , Eric J. Ip

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Abstract

Background

The opioid epidemic remains a significant public health crisis in the United States. Naloxone has been identified as a critical component in combating this crisis. However, co-prescription rates among patients receiving opioids remain suboptimal, especially among certain high-risk populations. The purpose of the current study is to update and analyze recent trends in naloxone co-prescription rates in Iowa.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of de-identified prescription data from the Iowa Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) was performed. Naloxone co-prescription rates per 1000 patients receiving opioids in the state of Iowa were calculated in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 for nine categories, stratified by opioid dose, concurrent benzodiazepine use, and patient demographics. Exclusion criteria consisted of patients in a hospice or a non-ambulatory setting.

Results

The study found a year-over-year increase in naloxone co-prescriptions from 2019 to 2022 across all examined categories. High-risk groups, including patients on higher opioid doses and those prescribed opioids and benzodiazepines concurrently, showed substantial increases in naloxone co-prescriptions. Geographical and age-related disparities in naloxone co-prescribing rates were also observed, with rural areas and older patient groups less likely to receive naloxone.

Conclusions

The observed increases in naloxone co-prescribing rates indicate progress in opioid overdose prevention efforts. Nonetheless, co-prescription rates remain suboptimal among high-risk groups, underscoring the need for continued education and policy efforts to enhance naloxone accessibility and encourage its co-prescription with opioids, particularly among older patients and geographical areas with lower co-prescription rates.

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纳洛酮联合处方的趋势。

背景：阿片类药物流行仍然是美国重大的公共卫生危机。纳洛酮已被确定为对抗这一危机的关键组成部分。然而，接受阿片类药物治疗的患者的联合处方率仍然不理想，特别是在某些高危人群中。当前研究的目的是更新和分析爱荷华州纳洛酮联合处方率的最新趋势。方法：回顾性分析来自爱荷华州处方监测项目（PMP）的去识别处方数据。在爱荷华州，按阿片类药物剂量、同时使用苯二氮卓类药物和患者人口统计数据，计算了2019年、2020年、2021年和2022年每1000名接受阿片类药物治疗的患者中纳洛酮的共处方率。排除标准包括在安宁疗护或非门诊环境的病人。结果：该研究发现，从2019年到2022年，在所有被检查的类别中，纳洛酮的联合处方逐年增加。高风险人群，包括阿片类药物剂量较高的患者和同时服用阿片类药物和苯二氮卓类药物的患者，纳洛酮联合处方大幅增加。此外，还观察到纳洛酮联合处方率的地理和年龄差异，农村地区和老年患者群体接受纳洛酮的可能性较小。结论：观察到纳洛酮联合处方率的增加表明阿片类药物过量预防工作取得了进展。尽管如此，高危人群的联合处方率仍然不是最理想的，强调需要继续进行教育和政策努力，以提高纳洛酮的可及性，并鼓励其与阿片类药物联合处方，特别是在老年患者和联合处方率较低的地理区域。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Drug and alcohol dependence 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

409

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Drug and Alcohol Dependence is an international journal devoted to publishing original research, scholarly reviews, commentaries, and policy analyses in the area of drug, alcohol and tobacco use and dependence. Articles range from studies of the chemistry of substances of abuse, their actions at molecular and cellular sites, in vitro and in vivo investigations of their biochemical, pharmacological and behavioural actions, laboratory-based and clinical research in humans, substance abuse treatment and prevention research, and studies employing methods from epidemiology, sociology, and economics.