PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF THE BRONCHOPULMONARY SYSTEM IN THE POST-ACCIDENT PERIOD IN PERSONS EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION.

Abstract

The objective was to study the relationship between clinical symptoms and the functional state of the bronchopulmonary system of clean-up workers of the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the remote post-accident period.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 824 cases of COPD in male patients who underwent inpatienttreatment in the radiation pulmonology department from 2014 to 2024 was conducted. The observation groupsincluded 579 (70.3%) of clean-up workers (main group) and 245 (29.7%) of COPD patients (nosological control) whowere irradiated within the natural background. For prospective observation, 100 COPD clean-up workers and 30 COPDpatients from the nosological control group were selected. A complex of clinical and functional tests was provided. Results. In clean-up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident with COPD the regularities of damage to the bronchopulmonary system under the influence of ionizing radiation should be considered a change in the minimal clinicalsymptoms of the early period, the rapid development of fibrotic changes in the lungs and bronchial mucosa, whichis accompanied by a deepening of violations of functional pulmonary tests, structural and morphological changesaccording to the results of radiological research methods.Conclusions The analysis of various patterns and phenotypes of COPD requires further study in order to improveearly diagnosis and treatment of the disease, in particular in people who have exposure to ionizing radiation.