Morphological and molecular characterization of a Sarcocystis bovifelis-like sarcocyst in American beef.

IF 3 2区 医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY
Aditya Gupta, Larissa S de Araujo, Andrew Hemphill, Asis Khan, Benjamin M Rosenthal, Jitender P Dubey
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Parasites in the apicomplexan genus Sarcocystis infect cattle worldwide. Assessing the economic importance of each such parasite species requires proper diagnosis. Sarcocystis cruzi, a thin-walled species, infects virtually all cattle. The prevalence of the other thin-walled parasite, Sarcocystis heydorni, remains less well established. The remaining six species all have thick (> 3 µm) cyst walls (Sarcocystis hirsuta, S. hominis, S. bovifelis, S. bovini, S. sigmoideus, and S. rommeli). Thick-walled sarcocysts often induce inflammation in striated muscles (causing bovine eosinophilic myositis), leading to condemnation of carcasses at slaughter. One of these, S. hirsuta, can be seen macroscopically and lead to condemnation of beef. Two Sarcocystis species, S. hominis and S. heydorni, are zoonotic. Although S. hominis has been reported as prevalent in Europe, the occurrence of thick-walled species in the US remains poorly known. Here, for the first time to our knowldge, we characterize a thick-walled Sarcocystis species from a sample of beef from a local grocery store in Maryland. By morphological and genetic criteria, it closely, but not perfectly, resembles parasites previously ascribed to S. bovifelis.

Methods: Beef samples were examined for Sarcocystis infection, using acid-pepsin digestion to search for bradyzoites, microscopically by compression between a glass slide and coverslip, by histology of paraffin embedded sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Molecular characterization was attempted employing genetic markers: 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, cox1, ITS1, gapdh1, ron3, and rpoB.

Results: Molecular evaluation revealed 100% identity with S. bovifelis-like sarcocysts from naturally infected cattle from Germany and Argentina; although the condition of the frozen material precludes complete characterization by TEM, we noted morphological features which differed from the S. bovifelis originally described from experimentally infected cattle from Germany.

Conclusions: A novel Sarcocystis species is described from beef from the USA but not named until further evaluation.

一种美国牛肉类肉囊菌的形态和分子特征。
背景:顶端复合体属的寄生虫感染全世界的牛。评估每一种寄生虫的经济重要性需要适当的诊断。克氏肌囊虫是一种薄壁物种,几乎感染所有的牛。另一种薄壁寄生虫——heydorni肉囊虫的流行情况仍不太确定。其余6种均有厚的(bb30µm)囊壁(毛囊虫、人猿、牛囊虫、牛囊虫、S. S.乙状囊虫和S. rommeli)。厚壁的肌囊肿经常引起横纹肌的炎症(引起牛嗜酸性肌炎),导致屠宰时胴体的谴责。其中一种,毛孢链球菌,可以从宏观上看到,并导致牛肉的谴责。两种肉囊菌属,人棘球绦虫和海氏棘球绦虫是人畜共患的。尽管据报道,人科古猿在欧洲普遍存在,但在美国出现的厚壁物种仍然鲜为人知。在这里,据我们所知,我们第一次从马里兰州当地一家杂货店的牛肉样本中描述了一种厚壁肉囊菌的特征。根据形态和遗传标准,它与以前归于牛链球菌的寄生虫非常相似,但并不完全相似。方法:对牛肉样品进行肉囊菌感染检查,采用酸-胃蛋白酶消化法寻找慢速子,显微镜下采用玻片和盖片之间的压缩,石蜡包埋切片用苏木精和伊红染色,透射电子显微镜(TEM)。采用遗传标记:18S rRNA、28S rRNA、cox1、ITS1、gapdh1、ron3和rpoB进行分子表征。结果:分子鉴定结果显示与德国和阿根廷自然感染的牛链球菌样肌囊肿100%同源;虽然冷冻材料的条件阻碍了TEM的完整表征,但我们注意到形态学特征与最初从德国实验感染的牛中描述的牛链球菌不同。结论:从美国牛肉中发现了一种新的肉囊菌,但在进一步评估之前尚未命名。
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来源期刊
Parasites & Vectors
Parasites & Vectors 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
9.40%
发文量
433
审稿时长
1.4 months
期刊介绍: Parasites & Vectors is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal dealing with the biology of parasites, parasitic diseases, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens. Manuscripts published in this journal will be available to all worldwide, with no barriers to access, immediately following acceptance. However, authors retain the copyright of their material and may use it, or distribute it, as they wish. Manuscripts on all aspects of the basic and applied biology of parasites, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens will be considered. In addition to the traditional and well-established areas of science in these fields, we also aim to provide a vehicle for publication of the rapidly developing resources and technology in parasite, intermediate host and vector genomics and their impacts on biological research. We are able to publish large datasets and extensive results, frequently associated with genomic and post-genomic technologies, which are not readily accommodated in traditional journals. Manuscripts addressing broader issues, for example economics, social sciences and global climate change in relation to parasites, vectors and disease control, are also welcomed.
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