Physiological Characteristics of Freestyle Snowboard and Freeski Athletes.

IF 3.5 2区医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY

International journal of sports physiology and performance Pub Date : 2024-12-28 Print Date: 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1123/ijspp.2024-0127

Jonathan McPhail, Matt R Cross, Jörg Spörri, Vesa Linnamo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the physiological characteristics of freestyle snowboard and freeski athletes and explore potential differences between males and females.

Methods: National-team athletes, snowboard (9 males, 21 [2.3] y; 8 females, 20 [4.1] y) and freeski (10 males, 21 [2.1] y; 8 females, 18 [2.2] y), underwent physiological assessments: maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max; indirect), countermovement-jump height, drop-jump (DJ) height, DJ contact time, reactive strength index, absolute peak force (PFabs), and relative peak force. Differences were analyzed using multivariate analyses of variance Wilks lambda (Λ) and magnitude with partial-eta squared (ηp2). Pairwise comparisons and the impact of sex and sport were analyzed with univariate tests, utilizing Cohen d.

Results: No physiological differences were found between snowboard and freeski (Wilks Λ = 0.8, P > .251, ηp2 = .169). Sex differences were observed (Wilks Λ = 0.2, P < .001, ηp2=.79), without an interaction between sex and sport (Λ = 0.8, P > .449, ηp2=.120). For snowboard, sex differences included V˙O2max (P < .001, d = 1.04), countermovement-jump height (P < .001, d = 2.5), DJ height (P < .001, d = 1.45), DJ contact time (P < .001, d = 0.36), reactive strength index (P < .001, d = 1.36), front-limb PFabs (P < .001, d = 1.77), rear-limb PFabs (P < .001, d = 1.36), front-limb relative PF (P < .003, d = 0.88), and rear-limb relative PF (P < .021, d = 0.65). In freeski, differences included V˙O2max (P = .005, d = 0.81), countermovement-jump height (P < .001, d = 1.3), DJ height (P < .001, d = 1.17), DJ contact time (P < .040, d = 0.54), reactive strength index (P < .001, d = 1.0), left-limb PFabs (P < .001, d = 2.2), right-limb PFabs (P < .001, d = 1.88), left-limb relative PF (P < .001, d = 1.1), and right-limb relative PF (P < .001, d = 1.33).

Conclusions: Differences between the sexes, rather than between sports, explained the largest variance. A broad concurrent training approach with the aim of developing resilient athletes is likely warranted while acknowledging and adapting to individual needs.

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自由式单板和自由式滑雪运动员的生理特征。

目的：研究自由式单板滑雪和自由式滑雪运动员的生理特征，探讨男女运动员的潜在差异。方法：滑雪板国家队运动员(男9人，年龄21[2.3]岁；雌性8只，20只[4.1]y)；雄性10只，21只[2.1]y；8名女性，18岁[2.2]岁)接受了生理评估：最大摄氧量(V˙O2max；间接)，反运动-跳跃高度，落跳（DJ）高度，DJ接触时间，反应强度指数，绝对峰值力（PFabs）和相对峰值力。差异分析采用多变量方差分析Wilks lambda （Λ），幅度分析采用偏eta平方（ηp2）。两两比较以及性别和运动的影响采用单变量检验进行分析，使用Cohen d.结果：单板滑雪和自由式滑雪之间没有发现生理差异（Wilks Λ = 0.8, P bbb = 0.251, ηp2 = 0.169）。性别差异（Wilks Λ = 0.2, P < 0.001, ηp2= 0.79），性别与运动之间无交互作用（Λ = 0.8, P >.449, ηp2= 0.120）。滑雪板,性别差异包括V˙O2max (P <措施,d = 1.04), countermovement-jump高度(P <措施,d = 2.5), DJ高度(P <措施,d = 1.45), DJ接触时间(P <措施,d = 0.36),反应强度指数(P <措施,d = 1.36), front-limb PFabs (P <措施,d = 1.77), rear-limb PFabs (P <措施,d = 1.36), front-limb相对PF (P < .003、d = 0.88)和rear-limb相对PF (P < .021 d = 0.65)。在freeski差异包括V˙O2max (P = .005 d = 0.81), countermovement-jump高度(P <措施,d = 1.3), DJ高度(P <措施,d = 1.17), DJ接触时间(P < .040, d = 0.54),反应强度指数(P <措施,d = 1.0), left-limb PFabs (P <措施,d = 2.2),右翼PFabs (P <措施,d = 1.88), left-limb相对PF (P <措施、d = 1.1)和右翼相对PF (P <措施,d = 1.33)。结论：性别之间的差异，而不是运动之间的差异，解释了最大的差异。在承认和适应个人需求的同时，以培养有弹性的运动员为目标的广泛的并行训练方法可能是有保证的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of sports physiology and performance PHYSIOLOGY-SPORT SCIENCES

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

12.10%

发文量

199

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance (IJSPP) focuses on sport physiology and performance and is dedicated to advancing the knowledge of sport and exercise physiologists, sport-performance researchers, and other sport scientists. The journal publishes authoritative peer-reviewed research in sport physiology and related disciplines, with an emphasis on work having direct practical applications in enhancing sport performance in sport physiology and related disciplines. IJSPP publishes 10 issues per year: January, February, March, April, May, July, August, September, October, and November.