Effective control of snake fruit (Salacca zalacca) rot using Trichoderma asperelloides SKRU-01: A safe approach to preserving fruit quality

IF 5 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.111037

Sawai Boukaew , Julalak Chuprom , Jirayu Buatong , Sujirat Sornprasit , Sureeporn Wijitsopa , Karistsapol Nooprom , Rachasak Boonhok

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Rot disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Peniophora salaccae SKRU002, affects the quality of snake fruit production. In the pursuit of sustainable disease management, biocontrol using Trichoderma asperelloides SKRU-01 offers a promising solution. This study evaluated the antagonistic potential of T. asperelloides SKRU-01 against P. salaccae SKRU002 in both in vitro assays and snake fruit trials, while also assessing its impact on fruit quality. In vitro dual culture assays revealed that T. asperelloides SKRU-01 inhibited P. salaccae SKRU002 growth by 62.5 % over 10 days through efficient nutrient colonization. Microscopic analysis confirmed that T. asperelloides SKRU-01 hyphae penetrated and wrapped around P. salaccae SKRU002, causing cytoplasmic lysis. Additionally, T. asperelloides SKRU-01 culture filtrates (20 % v/v) completely inhibited P. salaccae SKRU002 growth in both solid and liquid media. LC-QTOF/MS analysis identified 31 secondary metabolites, including toyocamycin and antimycin A1. In snake fruit trials, T. asperelloides SKRU-01 culture filtrates provided 100 % protection against disease incidence (DI) and severity (DS), comparable to Mancozeb®. The application of T. asperelloides SKRU-01 spores (10⁷ spores/mL) reduced DI and DS to 0 % within 1–3 days post-pathogen inoculation, demonstrating both protective and curative effects. Furthermore, while P. salaccae SKRU002 significantly affected fruit quality—causing weight loss, color changes, and reductions in total soluble solids, phenolic content, titratable acidity, and antioxidant activity—the simultaneous application of T. asperelloides SKRU-01 mitigated these effects without compromising fruit quality. These findings indicate the antagonistic activity of T. asperelloides SKRU-01 and its metabolites against P. salaccae SKRU002, suggesting their potential as biofungicidal agents for managing rot disease in snake fruit.

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利用曲霉SKRU-01有效防治蛇果腐病：保品质的安全途径

蛇果腐烂病是由蛇果真菌病原菌SKRU002引起的，影响蛇果生产质量。在追求可持续疾病管理的过程中，利用曲霉SKRU-01进行生物防治提供了一个很有前途的解决方案。本研究通过体外试验和蛇果试验，评价了曲霉SKRU-01对salaccae SKRU002的拮抗潜力，并评估了其对果实品质的影响。体外双培养实验表明，曲霉SKRU-01通过有效的营养定殖，在10天内抑制salaccae SKRU002生长62.5%。显微镜分析证实，曲霉SKRU-01菌丝穿透并包裹P. salaccae SKRU002，引起细胞质溶解。此外，曲霉skru01培养滤液（20% v/v）在固体和液体培养基中均能完全抑制salaccae SKRU002的生长。LC-QTOF/MS分析鉴定出31种次生代谢物，包括toyocamycin和antiycin A1。在蛇果试验中，曲霉SKRU-01培养滤液对疾病发病率（DI）和严重程度（DS）提供了100%的保护，与Mancozeb®相当。病原菌接种后1 ~ 3 d内施用107孢子/mL的曲霉SKRU-01孢子可使DI和DS降至0%，具有保护和治疗双重作用。此外，尽管salaccae SKRU002显著影响果实质量——导致重量下降、颜色变化、可溶性固体总量、酚类含量、可滴定酸度和抗氧化活性降低——但同时施用曲霉SKRU-01可以在不影响果实质量的情况下减轻这些影响。这些结果表明，曲霉SKRU-01及其代谢物对salaccae P. SKRU002具有拮抗作用，提示其有可能作为防治蛇果腐病的生物杀菌剂。

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来源期刊

International journal of food microbiology 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

10.40

自引率

5.60%

发文量

322

审稿时长

65 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Food Microbiology publishes papers dealing with all aspects of food microbiology. Articles must present information that is novel, has high impact and interest, and is of high scientific quality. They should provide scientific or technological advancement in the specific field of interest of the journal and enhance its strong international reputation. Preliminary or confirmatory results as well as contributions not strictly related to food microbiology will not be considered for publication.