ACUTE FORMS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN THE NOSOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF HOSPITALIZATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN ALMATY CITY CARDIOLOGY CENTER.

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leaders in morbidity and mortality worldwide. The most common cause of emergency hospitalization of cardiac patients is acute coronary syndrome, represented by acute forms of coronary heart disease: unstable angina and myocardial infarction. Among the young population (18-44 years old, according to WHO), in contrast to the older cohort, there has been a significant increase in cardiovascular morbidity over the last two decades. In young patients, acute coronary syndrome is often the onset of the disease, which leads to an unfavorable prognosis in this category of patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the frequency and structure of reasons for hospitalization of young people over a five-year period.

Methods: Retrospective data of medical records of 1827 young patients, hospitalized to Almaty City Cardiology center over a five-year period (2018-2022). The frequency of hospitalization, mortality and reasons for hospitalization of patients at a cardiology center were studied.

Results: Over a five-year period, we observed an increase in the number of hospitalizations of young patients, with a peak in 2019. The most common cause of hospitalization in the young group of patients were acute forms of coronary artery disease - 36%. The frequency of hospitalizations with acute coronary pathology tended to increase. The acute transmural myocardial infarction of the left ventricle was a leading type of myocardial infarction in young people.

Conclusions: The dynamics of the frequency of hospitalization of young patients with acute forms of coronary artery disease tended to increase during the period under review, and the most common reason for hospitalization was acute coronary syndrome. However, unstable angina was recorded more often than myocardial infarction, and the most common type of myocardial infarction was acute transmural myocardial infarction of the left ventricle, which probably determines the severity and poor prognosis in this population.