Possible biocontrol of bacterial blight in pomegranate using native endophytic Bacillus spp. under field conditions.

IF 4 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
Frontiers in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1491124
N Manjunatha, Somnath S Pokhare, Ruchi Agarrwal, Nripendra V Singh, Jyotsana Sharma, Mallikarjun M Harsur, Rajiv A Marathe
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Abstract

Bacterial blight in pomegranate, caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. punicae (Xcp), is one of the most devastating diseases, leading to substantial economic losses in pomegranate production. Methods for blight management in pomegranate production are scarce and not well established. To date, the major control strategy is targeting the pathogen with antibiotics and copper-based compounds. However, excessive use of antibiotics has resulted in the development of antibiotic resistance in the field population of Xcp. Hence, as a means of eco-friendly and sustainable management of bacterial blight, the use of native endophytes was investigated under field conditions in the current study. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from micro-propagated nodal explants of pomegranate and were identified as Bacillus haynesii, B. tequilensis, and B. subtilis. They were found to produce volatiles that inhibited Xcp growth during in vitro antibiosis assay. GC-MS-based volatile profiling revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds with reported antimicrobial activities. These endophytes (CFU of 108/mL) were then spray-inoculated on leaves of 6-month-old pomegranate plants in the polyhouse. They were found to induce ROS-scavenging enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase. This alteration was a manifestation of host tissue colonization by the endophytes as ROS scavenging is one of the mechanisms by which endophytes colonize the host plants. Furthermore, two-season field trials with endophytes for blight control resulted in a reduction of disease index by 47-68%, which was considerably higher than the reduction due to the chemical immune modulator (2-bromo-2-nitro-1, 3-propanediol) currently being recommended for blight control. In addition, these endophytes also exhibited reduced sensitivity to this immune modulator; thus, the current study advocates the use of B. haynesii, B. subtilis, and B. tequilensis as biocontrol agents for bacterial blight of pomegranate either alone or as a part of integrated disease management.

利用原生内生芽孢杆菌在田间防治石榴枯萎病的可行性。
由柑橘黄单胞菌引起的石榴细菌性枯萎病。石榴病(Xcp)是石榴生产中最具破坏性的病害之一,造成了巨大的经济损失。石榴生产中的疫病管理方法很少,也不完善。迄今为止,主要的控制策略是用抗生素和铜基化合物靶向病原体。然而,抗生素的过度使用已导致Xcp野外种群产生耐药性。因此,本研究在田间条件下对本地内生菌的利用进行了研究,以作为生态和可持续管理白叶枯病的一种手段。从石榴微繁节型外植体中分离到内生细菌,经鉴定为海恩氏芽孢杆菌、龙舌兰芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌。在体外抗生素试验中发现它们产生抑制Xcp生长的挥发物。基于gc - ms的挥发性分析显示了几种具有抗菌活性的生物活性化合物的存在。将这些内生菌(CFU为108/mL)喷雾接种在6个月大的石榴植株叶片上。发现它们能诱导过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶等活性氧清除酶。这种改变是内生菌定殖宿主组织的表现,因为清除ROS是内生菌定殖宿主植物的机制之一。此外,用内生菌防治枯萎病的两季田间试验结果表明,病害指数降低了47-68%,这大大高于目前推荐用于防治枯萎病的化学免疫调节剂(2-溴-2-硝基- 1,3 -丙二醇)的降低率。此外,这些内生菌也表现出对这种免疫调节剂的敏感性降低;因此,目前的研究提倡使用海恩氏芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和龙舌兰芽孢杆菌作为石榴细菌性枯萎病的生物防治剂,无论是单独使用还是作为综合疾病管理的一部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
9.60%
发文量
4837
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Microbiology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the entire spectrum of microbiology. Field Chief Editor Martin G. Klotz at Washington State University is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
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