Exploring insulin resistance and pancreatic function in individuals with overweight and obesity: Insights from OGTTs and IRTs

IF 6.1 3区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetes research and clinical practice Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111972

Xiaoxuan Liu , Huimin Zhou , Yixian Liu , Jinhong Li, Huijing Luo, Qian He, Yanv Ren, Xiaofang Zhang, Zuoliang Dong

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Abstract

To investigate insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell function in overweight or obese people under the same glucose tolerance conditions.

The subjects were categorized based on the results of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the BMI classification criteria. Basal and postprandial glucose concentrations, insulin concentrations, pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-β), the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and the insulin early secretion index (ΔI30/ΔG30) were compared between the different weight groups.

Among individuals with similar glucose tolerances, those in the obese group presented higher HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, and ΔI30/ΔG30 values than did those in the normal weight and overweight groups. Additionally, in individuals with normal glucose tolerance and early diabetes, OGTT 1-h plasma glucose concentrations demonstrated a stronger correlation with early insulin secretion across different body weights.

When the same glucose-tolerant population was grouped by weight, OGTTs were significantly less different than IRTs. Therefore, integrating both tests is the optimal approach. In individuals with preobesity, there is an increase in pancreatic β-cell function to maintain normal blood glucose levels. As the disease progresses, obesity substantially increases insulin resistance, which acts as a disease-promoting factor. Furthermore, OGTT 1-h plasma glucose concentrations are strongly correlated with insulin secretion in normal or early diabetic populations.

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研究超重和肥胖个体的胰岛素抵抗和胰腺功能：来自ogtt和irt的见解。

目的探讨相同糖耐量条件下超重或肥胖人群的胰岛素抵抗和胰腺β细胞功能。根据口服糖耐量试验（OGTT）结果和BMI分类标准对受试者进行分类。比较不同体重组的基础和餐后葡萄糖浓度、胰岛素浓度、胰腺β-细胞功能（HOMA-β）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA- ir）和胰岛素早期分泌指数（ΔI30/ΔG30）。在葡萄糖耐量相似的个体中，肥胖组的HOMA-β、HOMA- ir和ΔI30/ΔG30值高于正常体重和超重组。此外，在糖耐量正常和早期糖尿病的个体中，不同体重的OGTT 1-h血浆葡萄糖浓度与早期胰岛素分泌有更强的相关性。当相同的葡萄糖耐受性人群按体重分组时，ogtt与IRTs的差异显着小于。因此，整合两个测试是最优的方法。在患有肥胖症前期的个体中，胰腺β细胞功能增加以维持正常的血糖水平。随着疾病的发展，肥胖大大增加了胰岛素抵抗，这是一种促进疾病的因素。此外，在正常或早期糖尿病人群中，OGTT 1-h血浆葡萄糖浓度与胰岛素分泌密切相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Diabetes research and clinical practice 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

3.90%

发文量

862

审稿时长

32 days

期刊介绍： Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice is an international journal for health-care providers and clinically oriented researchers that publishes high-quality original research articles and expert reviews in diabetes and related areas. The role of the journal is to provide a venue for dissemination of knowledge and discussion of topics related to diabetes clinical research and patient care. Topics of focus include translational science, genetics, immunology, nutrition, psychosocial research, epidemiology, prevention, socio-economic research, complications, new treatments, technologies and therapy.