The Integrated Multidisciplinary Pathway for Large-Scale Management of Dyslipidemia in High-Risk Patients (ENNA) Project: Rationale and Project Design

Abstract

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, significantly influenced by modifiable risk factors, particularly hypercholesterolemia. Despite the availability of effective lipid-reducing drugs, achieving the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) target levels remains a significant challenge in clinical practice, contributing to persistently high rates of cardiovascular events. The intEgrated multidiscipliNary pathway for large-scale maNagement of dyslipidemiA in high-risk patients (ENNA) Project was designed to address the alarming rates of suboptimal lipid management in patients at high and very-high risk in the province of Enna, Sicily. This program aims to optimize LDL-C control through an integrated care model that fosters collaboration among pharmacists, general practitioners, and cardiologists, ultimately promoting a patient-centered approach to therapy. The patients who are eligible are identified using data-driven methods through prescription claims, laboratory results, and hospital discharge data, facilitated by local pharmacies. General practitioners play a crucial role as the primary care providers for initiating or optimizing lipid-reducing therapy, whereas cardiologists are involved in managing more complex cases requiring specialized intervention. The primary objective of the ENNA Project is to increase the percentage of patients at great risk in whom LDL-C targets are achieved, improving overall lipid management and therapeutic adherence.