A comprehensive review of algae consortium for wastewater bioremediation and biodiesel production

IF 9.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119428

Kuber Singh Mehra, Iyman Abrar, Ravi Kant Bhatia, Varun Goel

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Microalgae have emerged as the most potential microbe for wastewater bioremediation while also producing various bio-energy products, ensuring both water and energy security. In recent decades, the co-cultivation of algae-fungi and algae-bacteria consortia has gained more interest due to its enhanced effectiveness in nutrient removal from wastewater and increased biomass production. The present study aims to comprehensively discuss the mechanism, cultivation, harvesting, and CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing aspects of microalgae and its consortia for wastewater treatment. The enhancement of wastewater treatment and biomass yield through co-cultivation of microalgae-bacterial (MB-C), microalgae-fungi (MF-C), and microalgae-cyanobacteria consortia has been comprehensively analyzed with an updated comparative picture. Further, algae consortia-based biomass potential for biodiesel production has been explored. Factors such as agitation, exogenous carbon supplementation, and harvest frequency play vital roles in algal growth, biomass productivity, and nutrient removal. Reducing algae harvesting costs and finding methods that enable the production of bio-products remain ongoing challenges in algae-based industries.CRISPR-Cas9 stands out as an effective and convenient tool for genome editing. Both MF-C and MB-C hold great promise for wastewater treatment, pollutant removal, and resource recovery. The MF-C strain produces more biomass and lipids than single-culture strains. However, some strains in the MB-C system inhibit lipid development due to a less porous and nitrogen-sensitive system. Furthermore, lipid molecular structures can be engineered, and free fatty acid content can be optimized and personalized through co-cultivation, which is advantageous for biodiesel production. Microalgae consortia-based wastewater treatment could play a significant role in the waste management hierarchy, promoting circular economy and sustainability.

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藻类在废水生物修复和生物柴油生产中的应用综述

微藻已成为废水生物治理中最有潜力的微生物，同时还可生产各种生物能源产品，确保水和能源安全。近几十年来，藻类-真菌和藻类-细菌联合体的共培养由于其在去除废水中的营养物质和增加生物质产量方面的有效性增强而获得了更多的兴趣。本研究旨在全面探讨微藻及其菌群在废水处理中的作用机制、培养、收获、CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑等方面。本文全面分析了微藻-细菌（MB-C）、微藻-真菌（MF-C）和微藻-蓝藻联合培养对废水处理和生物质产量的增强作用，并给出了最新的对比图。此外，以藻类联合体为基础的生物柴油生产潜力也得到了探索。搅拌、外源碳补充和收获频率等因素在藻类生长、生物量生产力和养分去除中起着至关重要的作用。降低藻类采集成本和寻找能够生产生物产品的方法仍然是藻类产业面临的挑战。CRISPR-Cas9是一种高效、便捷的基因组编辑工具。在污水处理、污染物去除和资源回收等方面，高分子纤维素和高分子纤维素都具有广阔的应用前景。MF-C菌株比单培养菌株产生更多的生物量和脂质。然而，由于MB-C系统的多孔性和氮敏感性较低，一些菌株在MB-C系统中抑制脂质发育。此外，通过共培养可以对油脂分子结构进行工程化，对游离脂肪酸含量进行优化和个性化，有利于生物柴油的生产。以微藻为基础的废水处理可以在废物管理层级、促进循环经济和可持续性方面发挥重要作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Energy Conversion and Management 工程技术-力学

CiteScore

19.00

自引率

11.50%

发文量

1304

审稿时长

17 days

期刊介绍： The journal Energy Conversion and Management provides a forum for publishing original contributions and comprehensive technical review articles of interdisciplinary and original research on all important energy topics. The topics considered include energy generation, utilization, conversion, storage, transmission, conservation, management and sustainability. These topics typically involve various types of energy such as mechanical, thermal, nuclear, chemical, electromagnetic, magnetic and electric. These energy types cover all known energy resources, including renewable resources (e.g., solar, bio, hydro, wind, geothermal and ocean energy), fossil fuels and nuclear resources.