Direct covalent attachment of fluorescent molecules on plasma polymerized nanoparticles: a simplified approach for biomedical applications

IF 6.1 3区 医学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Laura Libnan Haidar, Yuheng Wang, Aaron D. Gilmour, Elmer Austria, Badwi B. Boumelhem, Naveed Aziz Khan, Arifah Anwar Fadzil, Stuart T. Fraser, Marcela M. M. Bilek and Behnam Akhavan
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Abstract

Polymeric nanoparticles surface functionalised with fluorescent molecules hold significant potential for advancing diagnostics and therapeutic delivery. Despite their promise, challenges persist in achieving robust attachment of fluorescent molecules for real-time tracking. Weak physical adsorption, pH-dependent electrostatic capture, and hydrophobic interactions often fail to achieve stable attachment of fluorescent markers. While covalent attachment offers stability, it often entails laborious multi-step wet-chemistry processes. This work demonstrates that plasma polymerised nanoparticles (PPNs) can directly and covalently attach fluorescent molecules with no need for additional interim treatment processes. For the first time, we provide evidence indicating the formation of covalent bonds between the fluorescent molecules and PPN surfaces. Two model fluorescent molecules, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and Nile blue (NB), were attached to PPNs in a one-step process. The attached molecules remained on nanoparticle surfaces even after detergent washing, as confirmed by a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fluorescence spectroscopy, flow cytometry, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) data. The robust attachment of fluorescent molecules on PPNs ensures their stability and functionality, enhancing the potential of these fluorescently labelled nanoparticles for diagnostic, therapeutic, and imaging applications.

Abstract Image

荧光分子在等离子体聚合纳米颗粒上的直接共价附着:生物医学应用的一种简化方法。
高分子纳米粒子表面功能化与荧光分子具有显著的潜力,推进诊断和治疗交付。尽管前景光明,但在实现荧光分子的实时跟踪方面仍然存在挑战。弱物理吸附、ph依赖性静电捕获和疏水相互作用往往不能实现荧光标记物的稳定附着。虽然共价连接提供了稳定性,但它通常需要费力的多步骤湿化学过程。这项工作表明,等离子体聚合纳米颗粒(ppn)可以直接和共价地附着荧光分子,而不需要额外的中间处理过程。我们首次提供了荧光分子与PPN表面之间形成共价键的证据。两种模型荧光分子,异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)和尼罗河蓝(NB),在一步过程中附着在ppn上。结合x射线光电子能谱(XPS)、荧光光谱、流式细胞术和飞行时间二次离子质谱(ToF-SIMS)数据证实,即使在洗涤剂洗涤后,附着的分子仍留在纳米颗粒表面。荧光分子在ppn上的牢固附着确保了它们的稳定性和功能,增强了这些荧光标记纳米颗粒在诊断、治疗和成像应用中的潜力。
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来源期刊
Journal of Materials Chemistry B
Journal of Materials Chemistry B MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS-
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
4.30%
发文量
866
期刊介绍: Journal of Materials Chemistry A, B & C cover high quality studies across all fields of materials chemistry. The journals focus on those theoretical or experimental studies that report new understanding, applications, properties and synthesis of materials. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, B & C are separated by the intended application of the material studied. Broadly, applications in energy and sustainability are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry A, applications in biology and medicine are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry B, and applications in optical, magnetic and electronic devices are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry C.Journal of Materials Chemistry B is a Transformative Journal and Plan S compliant. Example topic areas within the scope of Journal of Materials Chemistry B are listed below. This list is neither exhaustive nor exclusive: Antifouling coatings Biocompatible materials Bioelectronics Bioimaging Biomimetics Biomineralisation Bionics Biosensors Diagnostics Drug delivery Gene delivery Immunobiology Nanomedicine Regenerative medicine & Tissue engineering Scaffolds Soft robotics Stem cells Therapeutic devices
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