Evidence on sex differences in sports performance.

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY
Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-24 DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00615.2024
Michael J Joyner, Sandra K Hunter, Jonathon W Senefeld
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sex differences in sports performances continue to attract considerable scientific and public attention, driven in part by high profile cases of: 1) biological male (XY) athletes who seek to compete in the female category after gender transition, and 2) XY athletes with medical syndromes collectively known as disorders or differences of sex development (DSDs). In this perspective, we highlight scientific evidence that informs eligibility criteria and applicable regulations for sex categories in sports. There are profound sex differences in human performance in athletic events determined by strength, speed, power, endurance, and body size such that males outperform females. These sex differences in athletic performance exist before puberty and increase dramatically as puberty progresses. The profound sex differences in sports performance are primarily attributable to the direct and indirect effects of sex-steroid hormones and provide a compelling framework to consider for policy decisions to safeguard fairness and inclusion in sports.

关于运动表现性别差异的证据。
体育表现中的性别差异继续吸引着相当多的科学和公众的关注,部分原因在于:1)生理上为男性(XY)的运动员在性别转换后寻求在女性类别中竞争,以及2)生理上为男性(XY)的运动员患有统称为性别发育障碍或差异(DSD)的医学综合征。从这个角度来看,我们强调科学证据,为体育性别类别的资格标准和适用规定提供信息。在由力量、速度、力量、耐力和体型决定的运动项目中,人类的表现存在着深刻的性别差异,男性的表现优于女性。这些运动表现上的性别差异在青春期前就存在,并随着青春期的发展而急剧增加。运动表现中的深刻性别差异主要归因于性类固醇激素的直接和间接影响,并为保障体育公平和包容的政策决策提供了一个令人信服的框架。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
9.10%
发文量
296
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Applied Physiology publishes the highest quality original research and reviews that examine novel adaptive and integrative physiological mechanisms in humans and animals that advance the field. The journal encourages the submission of manuscripts that examine the acute and adaptive responses of various organs, tissues, cells and/or molecular pathways to environmental, physiological and/or pathophysiological stressors. As an applied physiology journal, topics of interest are not limited to a particular organ system. The journal, therefore, considers a wide array of integrative and translational research topics examining the mechanisms involved in disease processes and mitigation strategies, as well as the promotion of health and well-being throughout the lifespan. Priority is given to manuscripts that provide mechanistic insight deemed to exert an impact on the field.
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