{"title":"Evaluation of stripe rust resistance and analysis of resistance genes in wheat genotypes from Pakistan and Southwest China.","authors":"Sakina Abbas, Yunfang Li, Jing Lu, Jianming Hu, Xinnuo Zhang, Xue Lv, Armghan Shahzad, Donghui Ao, Maryam Abbas, Yu Wu, Lei Zhang, Muhammad Fayyaz","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1494566","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Stripe rust, caused by <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>, poses a significant threat to wheat quality and production worldwide. The rapid evolution of <i>Pst</i> races caused several resistance genes to be ineffective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated stripe rust resistance genes in 349 Pakistan and Southwest China genotypes. We utilized previously published functional and linked molecular markers to detect 13 major stripe rust resistance genes: <i>Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yr29, Yr30, Yr36, Yr48, Yr65</i>, and <i>YrSp</i>. Field evaluations assessed IT and resistance levels, while the impact of gene combinations on resistance was also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Field evaluations showed that over 60% of Chuanyu wheat, 50% of recent Pakistani cultivars, and 20% of historic Pakistani lines were resistant to current stripe rust races. In Chuanyu wheat, the dominant genes were <i>Yr17, YrSp</i>, and <i>Yr48</i>; however, <i>Yr17, Yr26</i>, and <i>YrSp</i> were overused, while <i>Yr36</i> was absent, and <i>Yr18</i> was rare. In historic lines, <i>Yr5, Yr17, Yr18</i>, and <i>Yr26</i> were prevalent, with <i>Yr15, Yr26</i>, and <i>YrSp</i> demonstrating effective resistance against current stripe rust races. Furthermore, the study identified specific combinations of <i>Yr</i> genes (<i>Yr26+Yr48, Yr29+Yr5, Yr26+Yr30</i>, and <i>Yr30+Yr17</i>) that enhanced resistance to <i>Pst</i>.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This research highlights effective resistance genes and gene combinations for stripe rust in wheat and emphasizes the deployment of durable resistance. The findings guide the strategic use of these genes in breeding programs aimed at developing durable resistance in wheat genotypes in Pakistan and Southwest China.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1494566"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663667/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Plant Science","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1494566","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, poses a significant threat to wheat quality and production worldwide. The rapid evolution of Pst races caused several resistance genes to be ineffective.
Methods: This study evaluated stripe rust resistance genes in 349 Pakistan and Southwest China genotypes. We utilized previously published functional and linked molecular markers to detect 13 major stripe rust resistance genes: Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yr29, Yr30, Yr36, Yr48, Yr65, and YrSp. Field evaluations assessed IT and resistance levels, while the impact of gene combinations on resistance was also analyzed.
Results: Field evaluations showed that over 60% of Chuanyu wheat, 50% of recent Pakistani cultivars, and 20% of historic Pakistani lines were resistant to current stripe rust races. In Chuanyu wheat, the dominant genes were Yr17, YrSp, and Yr48; however, Yr17, Yr26, and YrSp were overused, while Yr36 was absent, and Yr18 was rare. In historic lines, Yr5, Yr17, Yr18, and Yr26 were prevalent, with Yr15, Yr26, and YrSp demonstrating effective resistance against current stripe rust races. Furthermore, the study identified specific combinations of Yr genes (Yr26+Yr48, Yr29+Yr5, Yr26+Yr30, and Yr30+Yr17) that enhanced resistance to Pst.
Discussion: This research highlights effective resistance genes and gene combinations for stripe rust in wheat and emphasizes the deployment of durable resistance. The findings guide the strategic use of these genes in breeding programs aimed at developing durable resistance in wheat genotypes in Pakistan and Southwest China.
期刊介绍：
In an ever changing world, plant science is of the utmost importance for securing the future well-being of humankind. Plants provide oxygen, food, feed, fibers, and building materials. In addition, they are a diverse source of industrial and pharmaceutical chemicals. Plants are centrally important to the health of ecosystems, and their understanding is critical for learning how to manage and maintain a sustainable biosphere. Plant science is extremely interdisciplinary, reaching from agricultural science to paleobotany, and molecular physiology to ecology. It uses the latest developments in computer science, optics, molecular biology and genomics to address challenges in model systems, agricultural crops, and ecosystems. Plant science research inquires into the form, function, development, diversity, reproduction, evolution and uses of both higher and lower plants and their interactions with other organisms throughout the biosphere. Frontiers in Plant Science welcomes outstanding contributions in any field of plant science from basic to applied research, from organismal to molecular studies, from single plant analysis to studies of populations and whole ecosystems, and from molecular to biophysical to computational approaches.
Frontiers in Plant Science publishes articles on the most outstanding discoveries across a wide research spectrum of Plant Science. The mission of Frontiers in Plant Science is to bring all relevant Plant Science areas together on a single platform.
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