Shuaifeng Hu, Junke Wang, Pei Zhao, Jorge Pascual, Jianan Wang, Florine Rombach, Akash Dasgupta, Wentao Liu, Minh Anh Truong, He Zhu, Manuel Kober-Czerny, James N. Drysdale, Joel A. Smith, Zhongcheng Yuan, Guus J. W. Aalbers, Nick R. M. Schipper, Jin Yao, Kyohei Nakano, Silver-Hamill Turren-Cruz, André Dallmann, M. Greyson Christoforo, James M. Ball, David P. McMeekin, Karl-Augustin Zaininger, Zonghao Liu, Nakita K. Noel, Keisuke Tajima, Wei Chen, Masahiro Ehara, René A. J. Janssen, Atsushi Wakamiya, Henry J. Snaith
{"title":"Steering perovskite precursor solutions for multijunction photovoltaics","authors":"Shuaifeng Hu, Junke Wang, Pei Zhao, Jorge Pascual, Jianan Wang, Florine Rombach, Akash Dasgupta, Wentao Liu, Minh Anh Truong, He Zhu, Manuel Kober-Czerny, James N. Drysdale, Joel A. Smith, Zhongcheng Yuan, Guus J. W. Aalbers, Nick R. M. Schipper, Jin Yao, Kyohei Nakano, Silver-Hamill Turren-Cruz, André Dallmann, M. Greyson Christoforo, James M. Ball, David P. McMeekin, Karl-Augustin Zaininger, Zonghao Liu, Nakita K. Noel, Keisuke Tajima, Wei Chen, Masahiro Ehara, René A. J. Janssen, Atsushi Wakamiya, Henry J. Snaith","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08546-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Multijunction photovoltaics (PVs) are gaining prominence owing to their superior capability of achieving power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) beyond the radiative limit of single-junction cells1–8, for which improving narrow-bandgap (NBG) tin–lead perovskites is critical for thin-film devices9. Here, with a focus on understanding the chemistry of tin–lead perovskite precursor solutions, we find that Sn(ii) species dominate interactions with precursors and additives and uncover the exclusive role of carboxylic acid in regulating solution colloidal properties and film crystallization and ammonium in improving film optoelectronic properties. Materials that combine these two functional groups, amino acid salts, considerably improve the semiconducting quality and homogeneity of perovskite films, surpassing the effect of the individual functional groups when introduced as part of separate molecules. Our enhanced tin–lead perovskite layer allows us to fabricate solar cells with PCEs of 23.9%, 29.7% (certified 29.26%) and 28.7% for single-junction, double-junction and triple-junction devices, respectively. Our 1-cm2 triple-junction devices show PCEs of 28.4% (certified 27.28%). Encapsulated triple-junction cells maintain 80% of their initial efficiencies after 860 h maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in ambient. We further fabricate quadruple-junction devices and obtain PCEs of 27.9% with the highest open-circuit voltage of 4.94 V. This work establishes a new benchmark for multijunction PVs. Understanding the chemistry of perovskite precursor solutions enables improved film optoelectronic properties, allowing the fabrication of multijunction solar cells achieving power conversion efficiencies beyond the radiative limit of single-junction cells.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"639 8053","pages":"93-101"},"PeriodicalIF":50.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08546-y.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08546-y","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Multijunction photovoltaics (PVs) are gaining prominence owing to their superior capability of achieving power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) beyond the radiative limit of single-junction cells1–8, for which improving narrow-bandgap (NBG) tin–lead perovskites is critical for thin-film devices9. Here, with a focus on understanding the chemistry of tin–lead perovskite precursor solutions, we find that Sn(ii) species dominate interactions with precursors and additives and uncover the exclusive role of carboxylic acid in regulating solution colloidal properties and film crystallization and ammonium in improving film optoelectronic properties. Materials that combine these two functional groups, amino acid salts, considerably improve the semiconducting quality and homogeneity of perovskite films, surpassing the effect of the individual functional groups when introduced as part of separate molecules. Our enhanced tin–lead perovskite layer allows us to fabricate solar cells with PCEs of 23.9%, 29.7% (certified 29.26%) and 28.7% for single-junction, double-junction and triple-junction devices, respectively. Our 1-cm2 triple-junction devices show PCEs of 28.4% (certified 27.28%). Encapsulated triple-junction cells maintain 80% of their initial efficiencies after 860 h maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in ambient. We further fabricate quadruple-junction devices and obtain PCEs of 27.9% with the highest open-circuit voltage of 4.94 V. This work establishes a new benchmark for multijunction PVs. Understanding the chemistry of perovskite precursor solutions enables improved film optoelectronic properties, allowing the fabrication of multijunction solar cells achieving power conversion efficiencies beyond the radiative limit of single-junction cells.
期刊介绍:
Nature is a prestigious international journal that publishes peer-reviewed research in various scientific and technological fields. The selection of articles is based on criteria such as originality, importance, interdisciplinary relevance, timeliness, accessibility, elegance, and surprising conclusions. In addition to showcasing significant scientific advances, Nature delivers rapid, authoritative, insightful news, and interpretation of current and upcoming trends impacting science, scientists, and the broader public. The journal serves a dual purpose: firstly, to promptly share noteworthy scientific advances and foster discussions among scientists, and secondly, to ensure the swift dissemination of scientific results globally, emphasizing their significance for knowledge, culture, and daily life.