Association of humidity and precipitation with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 3.3 Q2 ALLERGY

Frontiers in allergy Pub Date : 2024-12-06 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/falgy.2024.1483430

Wangyang Gu, Dan Xie, Qinpeng Li, Huike Feng, Yihao Xue, Yang Chen, Jingyi Tang, Yushi Zhou, Dan Wang, Shilu Tong, Shijian Liu

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Abstract

Introduction: The relationship of asthma with humidity and precipitation remains controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of increased humidity and precipitation with asthma risk.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Wanfang, CQVIP, and CNKI. A total of 21 studies with 1,052,960 participants from 9 countries or regions were included. The fixed and random effect model were used to analyze the data.

Results: The study revealed a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.0489 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0061, 1.0935] for the association between humidity and asthma risk. Specifically, among individuals under 18 years of age, the OR (95% CI) was 1.0898 (1.0290, 1.1541). Furthermore, the OR (95% CI) for developing countries or regions was 1.0927 (1.0220, 1.1684), while it was 1.1298 (0.9502, 1.3433) for regions with a high latitude (41°-51°). The pooled OR for precipitation and asthma risk was 0.9991 (0.9987, 0.9995). The OR (95%CI) values were 0.9991 (0.9987, 0.9995), 0.9991 (0.9987, 0.9995) and 0.9990 (0.9986, 0.9994) in people above the age of 18, developing countries or regions, and middle latitudes (31°-41°), respectively.

Discussion: The impact of humidity on asthma risk is particularly pronounced among individuals below 18 years of age, people living in developing countries or regions and in regions located in high latitudes. And the influence of precipitation on asthma persons over the age of 18, developing countries or regions, and middle latitudes significantly. Increased humidity appears to elevate asthma risk, and increased precipitation may reduce the risk. In addition, there appears to be a combined effect of humidity and precipitation on asthma.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, identifier, CRD42023482446.

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湿度和降水与哮喘的关系：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

哮喘与湿度和降水的关系仍有争议。本研究的目的是调查湿度和降水增加与哮喘风险的关系。方法：对PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Chinese Wanfang、CQVIP、CNKI等数据库进行全面系统检索。共有来自9个国家或地区的1052960名参与者参与了21项研究。采用固定效应和随机效应模型对数据进行分析。结果：该研究显示湿度与哮喘风险之间的合并优势比（OR）为1.0489[95%置信区间（CI）： 1.0061, 1.0935]。具体而言，18岁以下个体的OR （95% CI）为1.0898（1.0290,1.1541）。此外，发展中国家或地区的OR （95% CI）为1.0927(1.0220,1.1684)，高纬度地区（41°-51°）的OR为1.1298（0.9502,1.3433）。降水与哮喘风险的综合OR为0.9991（0.9987,0.9995）。18岁以上人群、发展中国家或地区人群、中纬度地区人群（31°~ 41°）的OR （95%CI）值分别为0.9991（0.9987,0.9995）、0.9991（0.9987,0.9995）和0.9990（0.9986,0.9994）。讨论：湿度对哮喘风险的影响在18岁以下、生活在发展中国家或地区以及高纬度地区的人群中尤为明显。降水对18岁以上人群、发展中国家或地区、中纬度地区哮喘的影响显著。湿度增加似乎会增加哮喘的风险，而降水增加可能会降低风险。此外，湿度和降水似乎对哮喘有共同影响。系统评价注册：PROSPERO，标识符，CRD42023482446。

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