Identification of Core Interprofessional Preceptor Competencies and Development of a Preceptor Self-Assessment Tool.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine what activities and skills interprofessional health science preceptors (IHSPs) perform and value as a part of their pedagogical practice in order to support the development of a preceptor self-assessment tool and assist in preceptor training.

Methods: We administered an online survey to identify core preceptor activities across health sciences disciplines that interact with nursing. The initial survey items were developed based on the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) core competencies as well as a search of literature on expected preceptor competencies and activities across individual health sciences professions. Items were refined and then finalized using a modified Delphi technique and the final survey instrument reflected the four IPEC core competencies: (a) roles and responsibilities, (b) values and ethics, (c) communication, and (d) teams and teamwork. The survey asked professionals to separately rate the frequency and importance of performing each item to support learners in the clinical setting.

Results: Survey respondents (N = 260) indicated that 41% of activities across all domains were both of high priority and performed frequently. Activities were categorized into a six category IHSP self-assessment and reflection tool: (a) Prepare Learner for Clinical Environment and Rotation; (b) Prepare Learner for Clinical Day and Encounters; (c) Promote Engagement, Critical Thinking and Self-Reflection; (d) Coaching and Feedback; (e) Foster Growth and Independence and (f) Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes to intentionally Role Model.

Conclusion: Core competencies for IHSPs have been identified, resulting in the development of a preceptor self-assessment tool. The tool can assist nursing and other health sciences training programs to develop preceptor orientation materials and training to optimize the learner experience and promote standardization in the development of clinical practice competencies.