Enhanced Nanoemulsion Engineering through Continuous Ultrasonication and Integrated Machine Learning Algorithms

IF 3.8 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL
Diksha Vats, Vimal Kumar
{"title":"Enhanced Nanoemulsion Engineering through Continuous Ultrasonication and Integrated Machine Learning Algorithms","authors":"Diksha Vats, Vimal Kumar","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.4c02489","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasonic flow reactors of modest size have become increasingly favored by researchers due to their utility as a valuable medium for investigating and regulating the operating mechanism of ultrasound technology. As a result, these reactors are employed for both research and a variety of applications in chemical, biological, and pharmaceutical processes, predominantly on laboratory scales and occasionally on pilot scales. Herein, an ultrasonic continuous-flow cell assembly (UCF) is utilized for the formulation of oil-in-water nanoemulsions (o/w NEs). The setup provides efficient energy input, inducing strong cavitation for effective droplet fragmentation and ensuring continuous o/w NEs production. The emulsification process is optimized by adjusting parameters (amplitude, pulse control mode, processing time, oil-to-surfactant ratio (OSR), and stability) supported by machine learning-based data analysis. At unit OSR, <i>D</i><sub>z-avg</sub> measures 124 nm, compared to 832 nm at OSR 12. At the optimal OSR, NE remains stable for 50 days; at higher OSR, coalescence and Ostwald ripening instabilities are observed. Optimized OSR is found to be 4 at optimal ultrasonic conditions. Higher surfactant concentration reduced <i>D</i><sub>z-avg</sub>, while increased oil concentration raised <i>D</i><sub>z-avg</sub>. A significant decrease in <i>D</i><sub>z-avg</sub> is observed up to 459 J/mL energy density, thereafter <i>D</i><sub>z-avg</sub> declined slowly. The <i>D</i><sub>z-avg</sub> prediction, modeled with energy density, exhibited a strong power law fit and is applicable for both scaling up and adjusting <i>D</i><sub>z-avg</sub>. This study proposes a standard process for formulating o/w NEs through an efficient continuous emulsification method. It offers valuable insights into optimizing emulsion formulation via ultrasonic cavitation techniques, contributing to scalable production in diverse industrial sectors.","PeriodicalId":39,"journal":{"name":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.4c02489","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ultrasonic flow reactors of modest size have become increasingly favored by researchers due to their utility as a valuable medium for investigating and regulating the operating mechanism of ultrasound technology. As a result, these reactors are employed for both research and a variety of applications in chemical, biological, and pharmaceutical processes, predominantly on laboratory scales and occasionally on pilot scales. Herein, an ultrasonic continuous-flow cell assembly (UCF) is utilized for the formulation of oil-in-water nanoemulsions (o/w NEs). The setup provides efficient energy input, inducing strong cavitation for effective droplet fragmentation and ensuring continuous o/w NEs production. The emulsification process is optimized by adjusting parameters (amplitude, pulse control mode, processing time, oil-to-surfactant ratio (OSR), and stability) supported by machine learning-based data analysis. At unit OSR, Dz-avg measures 124 nm, compared to 832 nm at OSR 12. At the optimal OSR, NE remains stable for 50 days; at higher OSR, coalescence and Ostwald ripening instabilities are observed. Optimized OSR is found to be 4 at optimal ultrasonic conditions. Higher surfactant concentration reduced Dz-avg, while increased oil concentration raised Dz-avg. A significant decrease in Dz-avg is observed up to 459 J/mL energy density, thereafter Dz-avg declined slowly. The Dz-avg prediction, modeled with energy density, exhibited a strong power law fit and is applicable for both scaling up and adjusting Dz-avg. This study proposes a standard process for formulating o/w NEs through an efficient continuous emulsification method. It offers valuable insights into optimizing emulsion formulation via ultrasonic cavitation techniques, contributing to scalable production in diverse industrial sectors.

Abstract Image

求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
1467
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: ndustrial & Engineering Chemistry, with variations in title and format, has been published since 1909 by the American Chemical Society. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research is a weekly publication that reports industrial and academic research in the broad fields of applied chemistry and chemical engineering with special focus on fundamentals, processes, and products.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信