Dion-Jacobson Phase Mn2+-Doped Perovskite Scintillators for High-Resolution X-Ray Imaging

Abstract

X-ray imaging technology has attracted widespread attention due to its important application in the industrial and medical fields. The practical-level X-ray imager requires high-performance scintillators with high light yield, low detection limit, superb stability, and excellent processibility. Here, a Mn²⁺-doped 2D Dion-Jacobson perovskite scintillator of (HIS)PbCl₄ (HIS²⁺ is histammonium), is presented serving as a potential candidate for high-resolution X-ray imaging. By facile solution method of Mn²⁺-doping, (HIS)PbCl₄:2%Mn has an orange-red emission with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 80.2%. Emphatically, (HIS)PbCl₄:2%Mn crystals exhibit compelling scintillation performances, including a high light yield of 77 500 photons MeV⁻¹ (≈3.1 times of commercial Lu₃Al₅O₁₂:Ce³⁺) and low detection limits of 59.3 nGy_air s⁻¹, along with excellent irradiation and environmental stability. Besides, both centimeter-size single crystals and flexible scintillators fabricated with poly(dimethylsiloxane) hold a promise for practical X-ray imaging. The high resolution using an optimized flexible scintillator screen reaches up to 20.3 lp mm⁻¹, far beyond the most of known scintillators. The results suggest that (HIS)PbCl₄:2%Mn has great commercialization potential in the field of X-ray imaging.