Acute mastoiditis: 30 years review in a tertiary hospital

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112204

Aida Veiga-Alonso , Natalia Roldán-Pascual , Rosa María Pérez-Mora , Beatriz Jiménez-Montero , María Jesús Cabero-Pérez , Carmelo Morales-Angulo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Acute mastoiditis, the most common complication of acute otitis media, is approached in our study, focused on children from the Autonomous Community of Cantabria, Spain. The aim is to analyze its clinical-epidemiological characteristics and propose diagnostic and treatment recommendations.

Study design/setting

We conducted a 30-year retrospective study on patients under 18 years of age diagnosed with acute mastoiditis in Cantabria.

Methods

We analysed epidemiological data, clinical presentation, causes, treatment, and follow-up.

Results

We included 111 patients, 60.4 % of which were under 2 years old. The average incidence was 3.9/100,000 children per year. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common microorganism. Third-generation cephalosporins and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were the most frequently used antibiotics. 19 % of patients underwent temporal bone CT scans. Twenty-nine children required surgical intervention, primarily myringotomy and mastoidectomy. Only 5.4 % developed retroauricular abscesses. During follow-up, 32 % experienced new acute otitis media cases.

Conclusions

The incidence of acute mastoiditis in Cantabria is similar to that of other developed countries. Imaging studies are reserved for cases with poor progression. Conservative management with antibiotics is suitable for many patients, with surgery reserved for poor responders. Complications are rare in our setting.

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某三级医院急性乳突炎30年回顾。

目的：探讨急性乳突炎是急性中耳炎最常见的并发症，研究对象为西班牙坎塔布里亚自治区的儿童。目的是分析其临床流行病学特征，提出诊断和治疗建议。研究设计/背景：我们对坎塔布里亚18岁以下诊断为急性乳突炎的患者进行了一项30年的回顾性研究。方法：分析流行病学资料、临床表现、病因、治疗及随访。结果：纳入111例患者，其中60.4%为2岁以下儿童。每年平均发病率为3.9/10万儿童。肺炎链球菌是最常见的微生物。第三代头孢菌素和阿莫西林-克拉维酸是最常用的抗生素。19%的患者接受颞骨CT扫描。29名儿童需要手术干预，主要是鼓膜切开术和乳突切除术。仅5.4%发生耳后脓肿。在随访期间，32%的患者出现了新的急性中耳炎病例。结论：坎塔布里亚的急性乳突炎发病率与其他发达国家相似。影像学检查保留给进展不良的病例。抗生素的保守管理适用于许多患者，手术保留对不良反应。并发症在我们这里很少见。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

6.70%

发文量

276

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： The purpose of the International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology is to concentrate and disseminate information concerning prevention, cure and care of otorhinolaryngological disorders in infants and children due to developmental, degenerative, infectious, neoplastic, traumatic, social, psychiatric and economic causes. The Journal provides a medium for clinical and basic contributions in all of the areas of pediatric otorhinolaryngology. This includes medical and surgical otology, bronchoesophagology, laryngology, rhinology, diseases of the head and neck, and disorders of communication, including voice, speech and language disorders.