Immunomonitoring in bladder cancer: a short report on stability of leukocytes and proteins in refrigerated urine samples.

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY

BMC Urology Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI:10.1186/s12894-024-01673-8

Alexandra Sevko, Claudia Prevosto, Suvetha Ragavan, Sonia Domingos-Pereira, Valérie Cesson, Marc Biarnes Carrera, Laurent Derré, Livija Deban

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Urine biomarkers are crucial for monitoring patient responses in treating urological pathologies, including non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Yet, analysing urine biomarkers poses several challenges, including ensuring specimen stability during transportation and analytical processing. This prospective feasibility study aimed to investigate how urinary leukocytes and proteins are impacted by storing and refrigerating urine.

Methods: Stability of leukocytes from four healthy donors (HD) spiked into urine supernatants was analyzed for up to 72 h at 4°C. Urine samples from five NMIBC patients undergoing BCG treatment were divided into two portions, followed by either immediate processing or overnight refrigeration. Urinary cell content and soluble factors were analyzed by multiparameter flow cytometry and Luminex®, respectively.

Results: We confirmed the stability of healthy donor peripheral blood leukocytes spiked into cell-free urine supernatants from healthy donors or untreated bladder cancer patients for up to 72 h under refrigeration at + 5℃. Additionally, we conducted immune cell and proteomic analysis from urine samples obtained from five NMIBC patients receiving Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy either processed immediately or after overnight refrigeration. We successfully demonstrated that leukocyte and protein composition remain stable in refrigerated urine from BCG-treated NMIBC for 24 h. This included granulocytes, monocytes, and T cells, as well as total protein, creatinine and 46 additional individual immune-related mediators.

Conclusions: This work demonstrates the compatibility of refrigerated urine shipment from the collection sites to analytical laboratories with both immunophenotyping and proteomic analysis and establishes clear logistical benefits for numerous clinical settings focused on monitoring patient immune responses in the urine matrix.

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来源期刊

BMC Urology UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

177

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Urology is an open access journal publishing original peer-reviewed research articles in all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of urological disorders, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology. The journal considers manuscripts in the following broad subject-specific sections of urology: Endourology and technology Epidemiology and health outcomes Pediatric urology Pre-clinical and basic research Reconstructive urology Sexual function and fertility Urological imaging Urological oncology Voiding dysfunction Case reports.