Toward the next generation of sustainable aluminum-ion batteries: a review

Abstract

Rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) are regarded as viable alternatives to lithium-ion battery technology because of their high volumetric capacity, low cost, and the rich abundance of aluminum. With the exploitation of high-performance electrode materials, electrolyte systems, and in-depth charge carrier storage mechanism investigation, the electrochemical performances of AIBs have been greatly enhanced; however, researches show that the cathode suffers from insufficient capacity, sluggish reaction kinetics, and poor cycling stability, and the anode also has challenges such as dendrites, passivation, and hydrogen evolution reaction side reactions. Herein, we review the strategies and progress of cathode materials for realizing the advantages in the literature according to the charge storage mechanism for AIBs. Current problems and possible solutions are discussed, and prospects are also proposed. In addition, we analyze recent anode electrode modification strategies and electrolyte modification strategies. Finally, we highlight the current problems and provide an outlook. This review could guide future research and development efforts toward more effective and efficient AIBs.