Numerical simulation of large tunnel alignments under seismic loading: The Large Hadron Collider as a case study

IF 6.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
A.G. Mubarak , J.A. Knappett , M.J. Brown
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Three-dimensional seismic analysis of large tunnel alignments using the continuum (Finite-Element; FE) modelling technique can be computationally expensive. This is due to the extended length of tunnels compared to their diameter (which controls the local ground-structure interaction and hence, the required maximum FE element size). Such models can become more intricate as the tunnel passes through different terrain and lithological profiles and with the complex fixity conditions provided by intermediate underground stations. Furthermore, the effect of asynchronicity of ground motions on the tunnel seismic performance may be non-negligible given the length scale. So far, existing modelling techniques lack the competence to simulate the seismic performance of large tunnels along their length with confidence and computational efficiency. Aiming to bridge this gap, this study proposes an efficient numerical methodology to model the seismic response of large tunnel alignments using a dynamic Beam-on-Nonlinear-Winkler Foundation (BNWF) approach. Ground-structure interaction was modelled using parallel springs and dashpots calibrated against 2D nonlinear FE analyses. These springs/dashpots were subjected to a free-field ground displacement time-history obtained from 2D nonlinear wave propagation analyses. The method was implemented for the circular Large Hadron Collider (LHC) tunnel network at CERN (Geneva, Switzerland), which is 27 km in circumference with six large underground caverns housing the particle detectors (station analogues) with large vertical circular shafts to the ground surface. The results show the generation of seismic actions at the global scale of the tunnel alignment which are not captured by conventional 2D plane-strain analyses. The approach can identify key critical tunnel locations where more subsequent detailed local (3D) analyses should be focussed.
地震荷载作用下大型隧道排列的数值模拟:以大型强子对撞机为例
连续体有限元法分析大型隧洞排线的三维地震作用有限元建模技术在计算上是昂贵的。这是由于隧道的长度与直径相比(这控制了当地的地面-结构相互作用,因此,所需的最大有限元单元尺寸)。由于隧道经过不同的地形和岩性剖面,以及中间地下站所提供的复杂固定条件,这些模型会变得更加复杂。此外,在长度尺度下,地震动的异步性对隧道抗震性能的影响可能是不可忽略的。到目前为止,现有的模拟技术还不能准确、高效地模拟大型隧道的抗震性能。为了弥补这一差距,本研究提出了一种有效的数值方法,利用非线性温克勒基础(BNWF)的动态梁方法来模拟大型隧道排列的地震反应。利用平行弹簧和阻尼器对二维非线性有限元分析进行校准,对地面-结构相互作用进行建模。这些弹簧/阻尼器受到二维非线性波传播分析得到的自由场地面位移时程的影响。该方法在欧洲核子研究中心(瑞士日内瓦)的圆形大型强子对撞机(LHC)隧道网络中实施,该隧道网络周长27公里,有6个大型地下洞穴,里面装有粒子探测器(类似于站),它们的大型垂直圆形竖井通往地面。结果表明,隧道排列在全球尺度上产生的地震作用是传统的二维平面应变分析无法捕捉到的。该方法可以确定关键的隧道位置,后续更详细的局部(3D)分析应该集中在这些位置。
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来源期刊
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 工程技术-工程:土木
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
18.80%
发文量
454
审稿时长
10.8 months
期刊介绍: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology is an international journal which publishes authoritative articles encompassing the development of innovative uses of underground space and the results of high quality research into improved, more cost-effective techniques for the planning, geo-investigation, design, construction, operation and maintenance of underground and earth-sheltered structures. The journal provides an effective vehicle for the improved worldwide exchange of information on developments in underground technology - and the experience gained from its use - and is strongly committed to publishing papers on the interdisciplinary aspects of creating, planning, and regulating underground space.
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