Improving serum redox balance, inflammatory status, physical function, and cognitive ability through dual-task resistance training and detraining in nursing home residents

Abstract

Objective

This study investigated the effects of dual-task resistance training (RT) and detraining on physical function, cognitive capacity, lipid profile, renal function, oxidative stress markers, and chronic inflammation of institutionalized older adults.

Methods

The study involved 11 older adults (83.09 ± 8.1 years) residing in a long-term care institution, spanning 42 weeks with assessments at weeks 1, 14–15, 28, and 42. The initial 12 weeks following the first assessment (weeks 2–13) served as a baseline, during which participants maintained their routine activities. A dual-task resistance training protocol was implemented from weeks 16 to 27, followed by a detraining period from weeks 29 to 41. Assessments included clinical characteristics, physical function, cognitive ability, blood samples for biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation.

Results

Dual-task RT significantly enhanced balance (p = 0.027) and 4 m walking speed (p = 0.027) post-training compared to the baseline. It also decreased the completion time for the sit-and-stand test both post-training (p = 0.008) and post-detraining (p = 0.015) relative to baseline. Cognitive ability showed significant improvements (p < 0.05). The CAT/TBARS ratio increased significantly post-training (p < 0.001) and remained elevated post-detraining. Nitric Oxide levels increased post-training (p < 0.05) and stayed higher post-detraining. The IL-10/TNF-α ratio significantly increased post-training (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Dual-task RT performed over 12 weeks improved physical function, cognitive capacity, muscular strength, oxidative stress markers, and chronic inflammation in institutionalized older adults. Furthermore, these benefits were sustained even after a period of detraining.