Coping with climate change: A livelihood vulnerability and adaptation analysis in Gaibandha, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the impact of climate change using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) and the adaptation strategies of communities, as measured by the Adaptation Strategy Index (ASI), among 120 households across six villages in Fulchari and Shaghata Upazilas of Gaibandha district in northern Bangladesh. The findings highlight changing climatic patterns and show that while respondents are generally aware of the impacts of climate change, there are notable knowledge gaps. Galna Adarshapara was identified as the most vulnerable village according to the LVI, indicating its high susceptibility in areas such as socio-demographic profile, food security, health, natural hazards, and climate sensitivity. Factors contributing to this vulnerability include geographical isolation, limited education, underdeveloped infrastructure, inadequate health facilities, and a lack of alternative income sources during extreme events. However, coping mechanisms such as irrigation, crop diversification, and the use of double-platform tube wells are commonly employed to address these climatic impacts. To enhance resilience, it is crucial to implement policy initiatives and institutional arrangements that support local communities in improving their living conditions and adapting to climate change challenges.