Recent Advances in Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation Based on Two-Dimensional Materials

Abstract

Utilizing solar energy for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation has been extensively regarded as a promising avenue towards renewable nitrogen energy production. 2D materials, renowned for their unique structures and properties, have sparked remarkable advancements in the realm of energy and environment sciences. In this review, we delve into the recent advancements pertaining to 2D materials for solar-driven photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. This encompasses a diverse array of materials, including metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs or TMDCs), graphitized carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs). We offer a fundamental understanding of the functionalities exhibited by various 2D materials in enhancing photocatalytic nitrogen fixation activity. The photocatalytic properties of these 2D materials are meticulously examined from multiple perspectives, including visible light absorption capabilities, charge transfer within the energy band, and reaction mechanisms. Finally, we present an in-depth discussion on the existing challenges and prospects surrounding the application of 2D materials in photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.