Recovery of lithium hydroxide from discarded lithium-ion batteries

IF 1.9 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Bulletin of Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI:10.1007/s12034-024-03356-4

Anoop S Kumar, K Ramaswamy, Dhvani B Purohit, Priyadarshini Bais, K Venkatesham, Neha Mohiuddin, S Rajesh Kumar, R Ratheesh, Ajay Kaushal

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Recovery of lithium (Li) compounds from various Li resources is attracting attention due to the increased demand in Li-ion battery industry. Current work presents an innovative route for selective recovery of lithium content in the form of lithium hydroxide monohydrate (LiOH·H₂O) from discarded LIBs. Lithium carbonate (Li₂CO₃) with purity > 99% is recovered from black mass. The recovered Li₂CO₃ is then crystallised to LiOH·H₂O by using calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) as the base. The method comprises of: (i) pre-treatment of LIB black mass powder; (ii) selective extraction of Li content from black mass; (iii) crystallisation and solid–liquid separation to recover LiOH·H₂O as final recovered product. A total of 0.1933 wt.% impurities comprising of Ca, Al, Cu and Fe were detected in the recovered product. Elemental analysis at each processing step was carried out using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Structural properties of the recovered materials are analysed by using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum of recovered product was found consistent with the formation of LiOH·H₂O. The LiOH·H₂O is successfully recovered from discarded LIBs with purity of 99.8%, which finds its potential use as secondary raw material in battery manufacturing, Li-based high temperature grease manufacturing, carbon dioxide scrubbing in space craft and submarines, etc.

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来源期刊

Bulletin of Materials Science 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

5.60%

发文量

209

审稿时长

11.5 months

期刊介绍： The Bulletin of Materials Science is a bi-monthly journal being published by the Indian Academy of Sciences in collaboration with the Materials Research Society of India and the Indian National Science Academy. The journal publishes original research articles, review articles and rapid communications in all areas of materials science. The journal also publishes from time to time important Conference Symposia/ Proceedings which are of interest to materials scientists. It has an International Advisory Editorial Board and an Editorial Committee. The Bulletin accords high importance to the quality of articles published and to keep at a minimum the processing time of papers submitted for publication.