Waste Valorisation and Contribution to the Circular Economy: The Evaluation of Water Treatment Sludge as a Phosphorus Adsorption Material and its Potential for Agricultural Reuse

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI:10.1007/s11270-024-07699-w

Marcio Yukihiro Kohatsu, Maria do Carmo Calijuri, Renato Zimiani de Paula, Camila Clementina Arantes, Camila Neves Lange, Mariana Neves Ribeiro, Kayllane da Silva Novais, Julia de Morais Alves, Alessandro Lamarca Urzedo, Tatiane Araujo de Jesus

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Abstract

Aluminium-based coagulants are extensively used in water treatment, producing significant quantities of waste sludge (WTS), that poses challenges for landfill disposal. Eutrophication, mainly driven by phosphorus (P) enrichment from wastewater, remains a critical environmental concern in aquatic ecosystems. WTS contains substantial amounts of aluminium (Al), which exhibits a high affinity for phosphate. This study aimed to assess the phosphorus adsorption capacity (qmax) of WTS and its potential for agricultural use. The WTS samples were characterized using various analytical techniques. Kinetic and isothermal experiments were conducted using dried (105 °C) and calcined (650 °C) WTS samples. Characterization revealed crystallinity differences between dried WTS and calcined WTS Kinetic tests, indicating equilibrium times of 16 h for dried WTS and 1 h for calcined WTS. Isothermal tests showed maximum adsorption capacity values at pH 7 of 13.81 mgP g⁻¹ for dried WTS and 52.03 mgP g⁻¹ for calcined WTS, highlighting the enhanced phosphorus removal efficiency of calcined WTS. Phytotoxicity assessments demonstrated that dried and calcined WTS promoted enhancements in germination and root elongation of Lactuca sativa of 20 and 10%, respectively, suggesting its potential agricultural benefit. Therefore, WTS demonstrates promise for tertiary wastewater treatment, contributing to a circular economy by potentially reclaiming phosphorus-rich compounds for agricultural reuse.

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.