In this study, the effect of potential and deposition times on the electrochemical, structural, morphological and optical properties of CdS films obtained by electrodeposition was investigated. The results obtained during the different characterizations carried out show that the films present different phases with the presence of the same CdS composition. Electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltammetry allowed us to determine the electrochemical range of the potential corresponding to the formation of CdS. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the CdS nanostructures has a polycrystalline nature and orthorhombic system and preferential orientation along the (420) plane. Surface morphological studies by (AFM and SEM) revealed the presence of nano-crystalline grains and all the deposited films have almost uniform grain size and well covered on the surface of the substrates. Composition analyses showed high stoichiometry, and the S/Cd atomic ratio is close to one. Optical studies showed that the average transmittance of the deposited films as a function of electrochemical parameters in the visible and near infrared regions is approximately (20–70)%, and the band gap ranged from (2.25 to 2.45) eV. The optical transmission of deposits varies randomly with increasing potential.