HLoc: Exploiting Height Difference for WiFi Indoor Localization With Single Commercial AP

IF 4.3 2区 综合性期刊 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
Shuai Yang;Dongheng Zhang;Guanzhong Wang;Jinbo Chen;Zhi Lu;Qibin Sun;Yan Chen
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Abstract

WiFi indoor localization, as a fundamental task to many real-world applications, has attracted widespread attention from both academia and industry over the past decade. While existing works have already achieved decimeter-level accuracy, they either require multiple access points (APs) or rely on the assumption that the AP and the client are at the same height, and their performance will degrade dramatically when there exists a height difference. In this article, we explore the neglected elevation angle dimension and propose HLoc, the first elevation angle-based WiFi indoor localization system, which can achieve decimeter-level accuracy with a single commercial AP. Inspired by existing 4-D mmwave radar, HLoc transforms the horizontal distance between the client and the AP into an elevation angle estimation problem and efficiently resolves it through a modified sparse recovery algorithm. Moreover, existing commercial APs are usually equipped with nonuniform planar arrays to enhance communication performance, which brings us the opportunity to jointly estimate the azimuth and elevation angles. After obtaining the horizontal distance, the azimuth angle is used to determine the orientation, and thus a single AP can achieve localization. The impact of the client height error on system localization performance is also analyzed theoretically and experimentally. We evaluate HLoc under a variety of complex environments, and the experimental results show that HLoc can achieve median errors of 9.4° and 13.6° for azimuth and elevation angle estimation, respectively, and a 98-cm median localization error with only a single commercial AP. We believe that this additional height information can be combined with other existing systems and inspire researchers to further push indoor localization from laboratory to the wild.
HLoc:利用高差实现单个商用AP的WiFi室内定位
WiFi室内定位作为许多现实应用的基础任务,在过去十年中引起了学术界和工业界的广泛关注。虽然现有的工作已经达到了分米级的精度,但它们要么需要多个接入点(AP),要么依赖于AP和客户端处于相同高度的假设,当存在高度差时,它们的性能会急剧下降。在本文中,我们探索了被忽略的仰角维度,提出了HLoc,这是第一个基于仰角的WiFi室内定位系统,它可以用单个商用AP实现分米级精度。HLoc受现有4-D毫米波雷达的启发,将客户端与AP之间的水平距离转化为仰角估计问题,并通过改进的稀疏恢复算法有效地解决了这个问题。此外,现有商用ap通常采用非均匀平面阵列来提高通信性能,这给我们提供了联合估计方位角和仰角的机会。得到水平距离后,用方位角确定方向,单个AP即可实现定位。从理论上和实验上分析了客户端高度误差对系统定位性能的影响。我们在各种复杂环境下对HLoc进行了评估,实验结果表明,仅使用单个商用AP, HLoc的方位角和仰角估计中值误差分别为9.4°和13.6°,定位中值误差为98 cm。我们相信,这些额外的高度信息可以与其他现有系统相结合,激励研究人员进一步将室内定位从实验室推向野外。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
IEEE Sensors Journal
IEEE Sensors Journal 工程技术-工程:电子与电气
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
14.00%
发文量
2058
审稿时长
5.2 months
期刊介绍: The fields of interest of the IEEE Sensors Journal are the theory, design , fabrication, manufacturing and applications of devices for sensing and transducing physical, chemical and biological phenomena, with emphasis on the electronics and physics aspect of sensors and integrated sensors-actuators. IEEE Sensors Journal deals with the following: -Sensor Phenomenology, Modelling, and Evaluation -Sensor Materials, Processing, and Fabrication -Chemical and Gas Sensors -Microfluidics and Biosensors -Optical Sensors -Physical Sensors: Temperature, Mechanical, Magnetic, and others -Acoustic and Ultrasonic Sensors -Sensor Packaging -Sensor Networks -Sensor Applications -Sensor Systems: Signals, Processing, and Interfaces -Actuators and Sensor Power Systems -Sensor Signal Processing for high precision and stability (amplification, filtering, linearization, modulation/demodulation) and under harsh conditions (EMC, radiation, humidity, temperature); energy consumption/harvesting -Sensor Data Processing (soft computing with sensor data, e.g., pattern recognition, machine learning, evolutionary computation; sensor data fusion, processing of wave e.g., electromagnetic and acoustic; and non-wave, e.g., chemical, gravity, particle, thermal, radiative and non-radiative sensor data, detection, estimation and classification based on sensor data) -Sensors in Industrial Practice
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