From ashes to evidence: A study on the alterations in bloodstain patterns in high heat environments and post-fire scenes

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Zack Kowalske MS, Abdulrahman Oleiwi PhD, Graham Williams PhD
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Abstract

Fire is often used to conceal or destroy evidence of violent crimes, making it essential to understand how fire environments affect forensic evidence, particularly bloodstain patterns. This study investigates the impact of high heat environments and fire on the morphology and analysis of bloodstain patterns. Using controlled fire exposure, bloodstains were analyzed pre- and post-fire exposure on various substrates, including glass, painted drywall, and painted plywood. Measurements of angle of impact (AOI) and area of origin (AOO) were conducted using Faro Zone 3D Expert software. Despite physical alterations due to extreme temperature exposure, certain characteristics of the original bloodstains persisted. AOI calculations showed minimal deviation between pre- and post-fire measurements, with standard deviations generally under two degrees. AOO estimations also demonstrated no substantial statistical differences between pre- and post-fire data. The study confirms that bloodstain patterns retain observable traits despite exposure to high heat conditions, supporting the reliability of BPA in fire-affected scenarios. These findings enhance the understanding of bloodstain behavior in fire environments, aiding forensic investigations in accurately analyzing bloodstain patterns in cases involving fire or high-temperature conditions.

Abstract Image

从灰烬到证据:高温环境和火灾后现场的血迹模式变化研究。
火经常被用来隐藏或摧毁暴力犯罪的证据,因此了解火灾环境如何影响法医证据,特别是血迹模式至关重要。本研究探讨了高温环境和火灾对血迹形态和分析的影响。通过控制火暴露,分析了各种基材(包括玻璃、涂漆干墙和涂漆胶合板)在火暴露前和火暴露后的血迹。利用Faro Zone 3D Expert软件进行了冲击角(AOI)和原点面积(AOO)的测量。尽管由于暴露在极端温度下造成了物理上的改变,原始血迹的某些特征仍然存在。AOI计算显示,火灾前后测量值之间的偏差最小,标准偏差一般在2度以下。AOO估计也显示在火灾前后数据之间没有实质性的统计差异。该研究证实,尽管暴露在高温条件下,血迹模式仍保留了可观察到的特征,这支持了BPA在火灾影响下的可靠性。这些发现增强了对火灾环境中血迹行为的理解,有助于法医调查在涉及火灾或高温条件的案件中准确分析血迹模式。
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来源期刊
Journal of forensic sciences
Journal of forensic sciences 医学-医学:法
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
215
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Forensic Sciences (JFS) is the official publication of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS). It is devoted to the publication of original investigations, observations, scholarly inquiries and reviews in various branches of the forensic sciences. These include anthropology, criminalistics, digital and multimedia sciences, engineering and applied sciences, pathology/biology, psychiatry and behavioral science, jurisprudence, odontology, questioned documents, and toxicology. Similar submissions dealing with forensic aspects of other sciences and the social sciences are also accepted, as are submissions dealing with scientifically sound emerging science disciplines. The content and/or views expressed in the JFS are not necessarily those of the AAFS, the JFS Editorial Board, the organizations with which authors are affiliated, or the publisher of JFS. All manuscript submissions are double-blind peer-reviewed.
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