Emerging threats in Сentral Asia: Comparative characterization of organic and elemental carbon in ambient PM2.5 in urban cities of Kazakhstan.

Chemosphere Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-28 DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143968
Anara Omarova, Olga P Ibragimova, Madina Tursumbayeva, Bauyrzhan Bukenov, Kazbek Tursun, Ravkat Mukhtarov, Ferhat Karaca, Nassiba Baimatova
{"title":"Emerging threats in Сentral Asia: Comparative characterization of organic and elemental carbon in ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in urban cities of Kazakhstan.","authors":"Anara Omarova, Olga P Ibragimova, Madina Tursumbayeva, Bauyrzhan Bukenov, Kazbek Tursun, Ravkat Mukhtarov, Ferhat Karaca, Nassiba Baimatova","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143968","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study (June 2022-July 2023) investigates the atmospheric concentrations of carbonaceous species, including organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), in PM<sub>2.5</sub> in two major cities in Kazakhstan. Samples were collected from two sites in Almaty (Seifullin and KazNU) and one in Astana. The results showed that Almaty had significantly higher annual average concentrations of OC (10.8 and 10.5 μg/m<sup>3</sup>) and EC (1.68 and 1.87 μg/m<sup>3</sup>) compared to Astana (OC: 7.1 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, EC: 0.61 μg/m<sup>3</sup>). Both cities exhibited pronounced seasonal variations, with significantly elevated concentrations (1.5-3.4 times for OC, 2.1-4.8 times for EC) during the heating season compared to the non-heating season. This indicates a significant influence of coal and biomass combustion for heating on carbonaceous aerosol concentrations. Both cities' OC/EC ratios varied widely (2.6-39.4), showing strong positive correlations (0.61-0.94) across all seasons except summer, suggesting a common primary emission source. Primary organic carbon dominated OC levels in winter (71-74%), whereas secondary organic carbon contributed significantly to OC concentrations in summer (43-50%). Higher OC-EC concentrations correlated with lower atmospheric visibility values. The OC-EC contributions to the total light extinction coefficient were estimated to be 15.3-15.9% for Almaty and 12.0% for Astana stations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93933,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere","volume":" ","pages":"143968"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chemosphere","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143968","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/12/28 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study (June 2022-July 2023) investigates the atmospheric concentrations of carbonaceous species, including organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), in PM2.5 in two major cities in Kazakhstan. Samples were collected from two sites in Almaty (Seifullin and KazNU) and one in Astana. The results showed that Almaty had significantly higher annual average concentrations of OC (10.8 and 10.5 μg/m3) and EC (1.68 and 1.87 μg/m3) compared to Astana (OC: 7.1 μg/m3, EC: 0.61 μg/m3). Both cities exhibited pronounced seasonal variations, with significantly elevated concentrations (1.5-3.4 times for OC, 2.1-4.8 times for EC) during the heating season compared to the non-heating season. This indicates a significant influence of coal and biomass combustion for heating on carbonaceous aerosol concentrations. Both cities' OC/EC ratios varied widely (2.6-39.4), showing strong positive correlations (0.61-0.94) across all seasons except summer, suggesting a common primary emission source. Primary organic carbon dominated OC levels in winter (71-74%), whereas secondary organic carbon contributed significantly to OC concentrations in summer (43-50%). Higher OC-EC concentrations correlated with lower atmospheric visibility values. The OC-EC contributions to the total light extinction coefficient were estimated to be 15.3-15.9% for Almaty and 12.0% for Astana stations.

中亚新出现的威胁:哈萨克斯坦城市环境PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的比较特征。
本研究(2022年6月至2023年7月)调查了哈萨克斯坦两个主要城市PM2.5中有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)等大气碳质物质的浓度。在阿拉木图(Seifullin和KazNU)的两个地点和阿斯塔纳的一个地点采集了样本。结果表明,阿拉木图的OC(10.8和10.5 μg/m3)和EC(1.68和1.87 μg/m3)的年平均浓度显著高于阿斯塔纳(OC: 7.1 μg/m3, EC: 0.61 μg/m3)。两个城市均表现出明显的季节变化,在采暖季(10 -3月)OC浓度显著高于非采暖季(1.5 ~ 3.4倍),EC浓度显著高于非采暖季(2.1 ~ 4.8倍)。这表明煤和生物质燃烧加热对含碳气溶胶浓度有显著影响。两个城市的OC/EC比值变化很大(2.6 ~ 39.4),除夏季外,其余季节均呈现较强的正相关(0.61 ~ 0.94),表明存在共同的主要排放源。冬季一次有机碳占主导地位(71 ~ 74%),夏季二次有机碳占主导地位(43 ~ 50%)。较高的OC-EC浓度与较低的大气能见度值相关。阿拉木图站OC-EC对总消光系数的贡献为15.3 ~ 15.9%,阿斯塔纳站为12.0%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信