Foods, dietary patterns, and risk of vascular dementia: a systematic review.

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition & Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI:10.1186/s12986-024-00880-2

Alex Griffiths, Jamie Matu, Eugene Y H Tang, Sarah Gregory, Emma Anderson, Andrea Fairley, Rebecca Townsend, Emma Stevenson, Blossom C M Stephan, Mario Siervo, Oliver M Shannon

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia globally and is associated with a significant economic and social burden. Diet could represent an important tractable risk factor for VaD. We synthesised current evidence on associations between consumption of specific foods or dietary patterns and VaD risk.

Methods: Five databases were searched from inception to January 2024 for prospective cohort studies exploring associations between individual foods or dietary patterns and incident VaD.

Results: Sixteen studies were included. Compared with low intake reference groups, higher fruit and vegetable intake, moderate alcoholic drink intake (1-3 drinks/day), higher tea and coffee intake, and following a plant-based dietary pattern were associated with lower VaD risk. Conversely, moderate fried fish intake (0.25-2 servings/week), higher ultra-processed food intake (especially intake of sweetened beverages) and higher processed meat intake (≥ 2 servings/week) were associated with increased VaD risk. Inconsistent findings were observed for other dietary exposures.

Discussion: A healthy diet could lower VaD risk. However, evidence is characterised by a limited number of studies for specific dietary exposures. Further research is needed to inform personalised and population-based approaches to lower VaD risk.

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食物、饮食模式和血管性痴呆风险：系统综述。

背景：血管性痴呆（VaD）是全球第二大痴呆原因，并与重大的经济和社会负担相关。饮食可能是VaD的一个重要的可控风险因素。我们综合了目前关于食用特定食物或饮食模式与VaD风险之间关系的证据。方法：从成立到2024年1月，对5个数据库进行前瞻性队列研究，探索个体食物或饮食模式与VaD事件之间的关系。结果：纳入16项研究。与低摄入量参照组相比，较高的水果和蔬菜摄入量、适度的酒精饮料摄入量（1-3杯/天）、较高的茶和咖啡摄入量以及遵循植物性饮食模式与较低的VaD风险相关。相反，适度的炸鱼摄入量（0.25-2份/周）、较高的超加工食品摄入量（特别是含糖饮料的摄入量）和较高的加工肉类摄入量（≥2份/周）与VaD风险增加相关。在其他饮食暴露中观察到不一致的结果。讨论：健康的饮食可以降低VaD风险。然而，证据的特点是对特定饮食暴露的研究数量有限。需要进一步的研究来为降低VaD风险的个性化和基于人群的方法提供信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition & Metabolism 医学-营养学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition & Metabolism publishes studies with a clear focus on nutrition and metabolism with applications ranging from nutrition needs, exercise physiology, clinical and population studies, as well as the underlying mechanisms in these aspects. The areas of interest for Nutrition & Metabolism encompass studies in molecular nutrition in the context of obesity, diabetes, lipedemias, metabolic syndrome and exercise physiology. Manuscripts related to molecular, cellular and human metabolism, nutrient sensing and nutrient–gene interactions are also in interest, as are submissions that have employed new and innovative strategies like metabolomics/lipidomics or other omic-based biomarkers to predict nutritional status and metabolic diseases. Key areas we wish to encourage submissions from include: -how diet and specific nutrients interact with genes, proteins or metabolites to influence metabolic phenotypes and disease outcomes; -the role of epigenetic factors and the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and their influence on metabolic responses to diet and food components; -how diet and other environmental factors affect epigenetics and microbiota; the extent to which genetic and nongenetic factors modify personal metabolic responses to diet and food compositions and the mechanisms involved; -how specific biologic networks and nutrient sensing mechanisms attribute to metabolic variability.