“Exploring the Link Between Oral Lichen Planus and Xerostomia: A Systematic Literature Review”

Abstract

Introduction

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic disorder affecting the oral mucosa, potentially associated with xerostomia, either independently or concurrently. Research suggests that approximately 45% of patients with erythematous and ulcerative OLP may experience dry mouth sensations. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the current literature regarding the potential relationship or co-occurrence of xerostomia with OLP. Understanding this association is imperative for the development of comprehensive management strategies and the improvement of patient outcomes.

Method and Material

The study followed the PRISMA 2020 checklist and included human studies, specifically investigating xerostomia in patients with OLP. After screening 897 articles, 9 studies were selected based on predefined criteria Quality assessment was conducted using the Cochrane risk of bias tools: ROB 2 for RCTs and ROBINS-I for non-randomized studies Scale was conducted to evaluate potential biases in study design, selection, and outcomes.

Result

A systematic review of nine studies (1960–2023) examining xerostomia in OLP patients found a significant reduction in unstimulated salivary flow rates in many cases. Although evidence links xerostomia with OLP, a definitive causal relationship remains unestablished. Some studies highlighted Candida infection, altered saliva protein expression, and inflammation-related nerve damage as contributing factors to dry mouth in OLP patients.

Discussion and Conclusion

This systematic review examines the potential relationship between OLP and xerostomia, focusing on factors such as salivary flow, histopathological changes, and immune-related mechanisms. While some studies suggest a link between OLP and reduced saliva production, no definitive causal relationship has been established. The review identified significant research gaps, including inconsistent methodologies and a lack of standardized criteria. Future studies should explore different OLP forms, receptor interactions, immune responses, and neuropeptides to gain a better understanding of xerostomia's etiopathogenesis and improve management strategies for OLP patients.