Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles

IF 8.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107198

Nayyar Iqbal , Miral Javed , Ramy M. Khoder , Areej Areej , Renyu Zheng , Shanbai Xiong , Ibrahim Khalifa , Hassan Barakat , Youming Liu

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Abstract

This study was designed to obtain the maximum extraction yield of peanut shell (PS) polyphenols using a novel carbon dioxide nanobubbles (CO₂-NBs) assisted ultrasonic extraction method. CO₂-NBs were generated in distilled water with a self-developed high-pressure nano-jet homogenization method and characterized by size, zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The obtained nanobubble’s mean size and zeta potential were 229.96 ± 17.44 nm and −15.9 ± 1.27 mV, respectively. Later, these CO₂-NBs, combined with ultrasonic method, were used for the extraction of polyphenols, achieving the highest polyphenol content (3619.21 ± 113.07 µg GAE/mL) as compared to ultrasonic extraction (2914.69 ± 145.45 µg GAE/mL) and conventional extraction (2340.11 ± 80.02 µg GAE/mL). Response surface methodology (RSM) provided optimization parameters, including ultrasonic power of 358.76 W, surfactant concentration of 4.54 %, and extraction time of 41.41 min. HPLC analysis identified distinct peaks corresponding to polyphenolic compounds such as gallo-catechin, catechin gallate, resveratrol, and luteolin, confirming their presence and concentrations in the peanut shell extract (PSE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed significant structural disruption and increased porosity in peanut shell powder, supporting the enhanced extraction of polyphenols through CO₂-NBs-assisted ultrasonic extraction process. This research establishes theoretical and practical foundation for generation of CO₂-NBs and CO₂-NBs ultrasonic extraction technology to efficiently extract polyphenols from waste PS, thereby enhancing the extraction efficiency of valuable compounds for use in functional food products and promoting sustainable practices in food industry.

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创新co2 - nbs辅助超声法提取花生壳：co2纳米泡的合成与表征

本研究采用二氧化碳纳米气泡（CO2-NBs）辅助超声提取花生壳（PS）多酚的新方法，以获得最大得率。采用自主研发的高压纳米射流均质法在蒸馏水中生成CO2-NBs，并通过尺寸、zeta电位和透射电镜（TEM）对其进行表征。所得纳米泡的平均尺寸为229.96±17.44 nm， zeta电位为-15.9±1.27 mV。随后，将这些CO2-NBs与超声法联合提取多酚，多酚含量为3619.21±113.07µg GAE/mL，高于超声提取（2914.69±145.45µg GAE/mL）和常规提取（2340.11±80.02µg GAE/mL）。以响应面法（RSM）为优化参数，超声功率为358.76 W，表面活性剂浓度为4.54%，提取时间为41.41 min。HPLC分析发现，花生壳提取物中存在多酚类化合物，如没食子儿茶素、儿茶素没食子酸酯、白藜芦醇和木犀草素。扫描电镜（SEM）显示花生壳粉的结构明显破坏，孔隙率增加，支持co2 - nbs辅助超声提取工艺对多酚的提取。本研究为CO2-NBs的生成和CO2-NBs超声提取技术高效提取废PS中多酚类物质奠定了理论和实践基础，从而提高功能性食品中有价值化合物的提取效率，促进食品工业的可持续发展。

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来源期刊

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

15.80

自引率

11.90%

发文量

361

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： Ultrasonics Sonochemistry stands as a premier international journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality research articles primarily focusing on chemical reactions and reactors induced by ultrasonic waves, known as sonochemistry. Beyond chemical reactions, the journal also welcomes contributions related to cavitation-induced events and processing, including sonoluminescence, and the transformation of materials on chemical, physical, and biological levels. Since its inception in 1994, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry has consistently maintained a top ranking in the "Acoustics" category, reflecting its esteemed reputation in the field. The journal publishes exceptional papers covering various areas of ultrasonics and sonochemistry. Its contributions are highly regarded by both academia and industry stakeholders, demonstrating its relevance and impact in advancing research and innovation.