{"title":"Storm Daniel fueled by anomalously high sea surface temperatures in the Mediterranean","authors":"D. Argüeso, M. Marcos, A. Amores","doi":"10.1038/s41612-024-00872-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In September 2023, Cyclone Daniel formed in the Mediterranean, severely affecting Greece and Libya, and becoming the deadliest storm in Mediterranean history. The Mediterranean’s unusually high sea surface temperatures (SST) likely contributed to the cyclone’s intensity and extreme rainfall. Greece saw over 700 mm of rain in 18 h, while Libya experienced daily records exceeding 400 mm, leading to catastrophic infrastructure failures. Our hypothesis is that high SSTs provided additional energy and moisture fueling Daniel’s intensification. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting model, we conducted numerical experiments to quantify the role of high SSTs during the event. Comparing actual conditions with a counterfactual scenario, we found that the long-term global warming signal in SSTs significantly increased the storm’s intensity and precipitation. This study underscores the need to understand rising SSTs contribution to predicting and mitigate future tropical-like cyclones as global temperatures increase.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00872-2.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-024-00872-2","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In September 2023, Cyclone Daniel formed in the Mediterranean, severely affecting Greece and Libya, and becoming the deadliest storm in Mediterranean history. The Mediterranean’s unusually high sea surface temperatures (SST) likely contributed to the cyclone’s intensity and extreme rainfall. Greece saw over 700 mm of rain in 18 h, while Libya experienced daily records exceeding 400 mm, leading to catastrophic infrastructure failures. Our hypothesis is that high SSTs provided additional energy and moisture fueling Daniel’s intensification. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting model, we conducted numerical experiments to quantify the role of high SSTs during the event. Comparing actual conditions with a counterfactual scenario, we found that the long-term global warming signal in SSTs significantly increased the storm’s intensity and precipitation. This study underscores the need to understand rising SSTs contribution to predicting and mitigate future tropical-like cyclones as global temperatures increase.
期刊介绍:
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science is an open-access journal encompassing the relevant physical, chemical, and biological aspects of atmospheric and climate science. The journal places particular emphasis on regional studies that unveil new insights into specific localities, including examinations of local atmospheric composition, such as aerosols.
The range of topics covered by the journal includes climate dynamics, climate variability, weather and climate prediction, climate change, ocean dynamics, weather extremes, air pollution, atmospheric chemistry (including aerosols), the hydrological cycle, and atmosphere–ocean and atmosphere–land interactions. The journal welcomes studies employing a diverse array of methods, including numerical and statistical modeling, the development and application of in situ observational techniques, remote sensing, and the development or evaluation of new reanalyses.