Textile Stretchable Antenna-Based Sensor for Breathing Monitoring

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2024.3485472

Mariam El Gharbi;Jamal Abounasr;Raúl Fernández García;Ignacio Gil Gali

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Breathing rate is a crucial vital sign for evaluating well-being and identifying underlying diseases related to the respiration system. This article presents a fully stretchable triangular loop antenna-based sensor for real-time respiration monitoring. This antenna is integrated into a commercially available T-shirt, which is made of stretchable conductive ink printed on a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) substrate. The sensing mechanism is influenced by shifts in the resonance frequency of a triangular loop antenna sensor, which occurs due to thoracic and abdominal deformation during the breathing cycle of inspiration and expiration. The proposed system captures breathing patterns by detecting shifts in the resonance frequency, which are continuously recorded in real-time via MATLAB. The vector network analyzer (VNA) was connected to a remote PC via a LAN interface to store the breathing data on a PC host, facilitating data transfer over TCP/IP through the same LAN interface. The proposed antenna-based sensor stands out for its lightweight structure making it convenient to embed in clothing and its ability to provide continuous monitoring of different breathing patterns including eupnea, bradypnea, tashypnea, ataxic, sighing, and Biot’s breathing. The proposed system was tested through experimental measurements, and the obtained results matched well with the standard breathing patterns provided by the World Health Organization.

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基于纺织可拉伸天线的呼吸监测传感器

呼吸频率是评估健康状况和识别与呼吸系统相关的潜在疾病的关键生命体征。本文提出了一种完全可伸缩的三角形环形天线传感器，用于实时呼吸监测。这种天线被集成到一件商用t恤中，t恤由印刷在热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）衬底上的可拉伸导电油墨制成。在吸气和呼气的呼吸循环过程中，由于胸部和腹部的变形，三角环天线传感器的谐振频率发生了移位，从而影响了传感机制。该系统通过检测共振频率的变化来捕获呼吸模式，并通过MATLAB实时连续记录。矢量网络分析仪（VNA）通过局域网接口与远程PC相连，将呼吸数据存储在PC主机上，方便通过同一局域网接口通过TCP/IP传输数据。这种基于天线的传感器结构轻巧，便于嵌入衣服中，并且能够持续监测不同的呼吸模式，包括呼吸暂停、呼吸缓慢、呼吸急促、呼吸失调、叹气和Biot的呼吸。通过实验测量对所提出的系统进行了测试，所获得的结果与世界卫生组织提供的标准呼吸模式非常吻合。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

14.00%

发文量

2058

审稿时长

5.2 months

期刊介绍： The fields of interest of the IEEE Sensors Journal are the theory, design , fabrication, manufacturing and applications of devices for sensing and transducing physical, chemical and biological phenomena, with emphasis on the electronics and physics aspect of sensors and integrated sensors-actuators. IEEE Sensors Journal deals with the following: -Sensor Phenomenology, Modelling, and Evaluation -Sensor Materials, Processing, and Fabrication -Chemical and Gas Sensors -Microfluidics and Biosensors -Optical Sensors -Physical Sensors: Temperature, Mechanical, Magnetic, and others -Acoustic and Ultrasonic Sensors -Sensor Packaging -Sensor Networks -Sensor Applications -Sensor Systems: Signals, Processing, and Interfaces -Actuators and Sensor Power Systems -Sensor Signal Processing for high precision and stability (amplification, filtering, linearization, modulation/demodulation) and under harsh conditions (EMC, radiation, humidity, temperature); energy consumption/harvesting -Sensor Data Processing (soft computing with sensor data, e.g., pattern recognition, machine learning, evolutionary computation; sensor data fusion, processing of wave e.g., electromagnetic and acoustic; and non-wave, e.g., chemical, gravity, particle, thermal, radiative and non-radiative sensor data, detection, estimation and classification based on sensor data) -Sensors in Industrial Practice