Arc-Discharge Realized Optical Microfiber Couplers With Ultralow Temperature Coefficient for Sensing Applications

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2024.3492068

Mohsen Soltani-Tehrani;Hamidreza Karimi-Alavijeh;Hasan Zamani

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Optical microfiber couplers (OMCs) with simple structure, low loss, and high sensitivity have been broadly involved in physicochemical fiber sensing applications. Until now, the fabrication of OMCs using arc discharge as a fast, clean, and low-cost method has not been explored. In this study, an arc-discharge fiber heating and pulling process for OMC manufacturing is presented and the characteristics of the arc-induced structures are investigated. It is shown that, in addition to high spectral visibility and refractive index (RI) sensitivity, importantly, the arc-induced OMCs exhibit ultralow temperature dependency of less than 1.9 pm/°C, over the wide testing range of 15 °C to 315 °C. Finally, an exact theoretical explanation is presented for the observed different temperature coefficients using analytical expressions and full-wave simulations based on the modal analysis of OMCs. Thus, the introduced arc-discharge technique and the resultant OMCs with ultralow temperature dependency could be useful for real-world applications of microfiber (MF) couplers.

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用于传感应用的超低温度系数电弧放电光纤耦合器

微光纤耦合器以其结构简单、损耗低、灵敏度高的特点在物理化学光纤传感领域得到了广泛的应用。到目前为止，利用电弧放电作为一种快速、清洁和低成本的方法制备omc尚未得到探索。提出了一种用于OMC制造的电弧放电纤维加热拉拔工艺，并对电弧诱导结构的特性进行了研究。结果表明，除了具有较高的光谱可见度和折射率（RI）灵敏度外，重要的是，在15°C至315°C的宽测试范围内，电弧诱导的omc表现出小于1.9 pm/°C的超低温依赖性。最后，利用解析表达式和基于omc模态分析的全波模拟，对观测到的不同温度系数给出了精确的理论解释。因此，所介绍的电弧放电技术和由此产生的具有超低温度依赖性的omc可用于微光纤（MF）耦合器的实际应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

14.00%

发文量

2058

审稿时长

5.2 months

期刊介绍： The fields of interest of the IEEE Sensors Journal are the theory, design , fabrication, manufacturing and applications of devices for sensing and transducing physical, chemical and biological phenomena, with emphasis on the electronics and physics aspect of sensors and integrated sensors-actuators. IEEE Sensors Journal deals with the following: -Sensor Phenomenology, Modelling, and Evaluation -Sensor Materials, Processing, and Fabrication -Chemical and Gas Sensors -Microfluidics and Biosensors -Optical Sensors -Physical Sensors: Temperature, Mechanical, Magnetic, and others -Acoustic and Ultrasonic Sensors -Sensor Packaging -Sensor Networks -Sensor Applications -Sensor Systems: Signals, Processing, and Interfaces -Actuators and Sensor Power Systems -Sensor Signal Processing for high precision and stability (amplification, filtering, linearization, modulation/demodulation) and under harsh conditions (EMC, radiation, humidity, temperature); energy consumption/harvesting -Sensor Data Processing (soft computing with sensor data, e.g., pattern recognition, machine learning, evolutionary computation; sensor data fusion, processing of wave e.g., electromagnetic and acoustic; and non-wave, e.g., chemical, gravity, particle, thermal, radiative and non-radiative sensor data, detection, estimation and classification based on sensor data) -Sensors in Industrial Practice