Dissipation Pattern, Terminal Residues, and Risk Assessment of Flutriafol and Cyflufenamid in Grapes under Egyptian Field Conditions

Abstract

This study evaluated the dissipation and terminal residue levels of flutriafol and cyflufenamid in grape berries and leaves under Egyptian field conditions. Using an optimized LC-MS/MS method, both fungicides were quantified with high recovery rates (97.65–104.34%) and low detection limits (0.001 mg·kg^–1). The dissipation half-lives of flutriafol were 3.25 days in berries and 1.95 days in leaves, while cyflufenamid exhibited half-lives were 4.1 days in berries and 3.31 days in leaves. Terminal residues for flutriafol ranged from 0.087 to 0.785 mg·kg^–1, and for cyflufenamid, they ranged from 0.010 to 0.085 mg·kg^–1, both below Codex MRLs. Based on terminal residues, the dietary risk assessment revealed risk quotients (RQs) below 1, indicating minimal consumer risk. A preharvest interval (PHI) of 3–10 days for flutriafol and 1–3 days for cyflufenamid is recommended. This study provides crucial data to ensure the safe use of these fungicides in grape production.