3D Printing of Functional Hydrogel Devices for Screenings of Membrane Permeability and Selectivity

IF 4.4 2区 化学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Isabel Arias Ponce, Rahul Sujanani, Joshua D. Moon, Juan Manuel Urueña, Craig J. Hawker* and Rachel A. Segalman*, 
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Abstract

Developing a fundamental understanding of the effects of varying ligand chemistries on mass transport rates is key to designing membranes with solute-specific selectivity. While permeation cells offer a robust method to characterize membrane performance, they are limited to assessing a single membrane chemistry or salt solution per test. As a result, investigating the effects of varying ligand chemistries on membrane performance can be a tedious process, involving both the preparation of multiple samples and numerous, time-consuming permeation tests. This study uses digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing to fabricate a millifluidic flow-based permeation device made from a hydrogel active ester network that can be easily functionalized with ion-selective ligands. Without the need for bonding or assembly steps, ligands can be introduced and tested in the permeation device by simply injecting a small volume of a ligand solution. Various salt concentrations and molecular species can be cycled through a single device by switching the solution feeding into the salt reservoir, thereby reducing the number of samples needed for permeability and selectivity screenings. This research sets the groundwork for formulation development and postprocessing methods to 3D-print functional millifluidic devices capable of assessing solute selectivity in membranes and polymer adsorbents for aqueous separations. In this work, comparable salt permeability trends were observed with both 3D-printed devices and traditional assays. Devices were functionalized with an imidazole ligand to investigate salt permeability and selectivity of monovalent and divalent salts. Measurements showed increasing permeability for monovalent salts (NaCl) relative to divalent salts (MgCl2, CuCl2) in functionalized membranes, with higher monovalent/divalent selectivity at increasing imidazole grafting densities. The methods and findings described here represent a step toward developing higher-throughput methods with 3D-printed devices for screening the effects of ligand chemistry on mass transport rates in membrane materials.

Abstract Image

3D打印功能水凝胶装置筛选膜的渗透性和选择性
发展对不同配体化学对质量传输速率的影响的基本理解是设计具有溶质特异性选择性的膜的关键。虽然渗透细胞提供了一种可靠的方法来表征膜的性能,但它们仅限于每次测试评估单个膜的化学性质或盐溶液。因此,研究不同的配体化学对膜性能的影响可能是一个繁琐的过程,既涉及多个样品的制备,又涉及大量耗时的渗透测试。本研究使用数字光处理(DLP) 3D打印技术制造了一种基于微流的渗透装置,该装置由水凝胶活性酯网络制成,可以很容易地用离子选择性配体实现功能化。不需要键合或组装步骤,只需注入小体积的配体溶液,就可以在渗透装置中引入配体并进行测试。不同的盐浓度和分子种类可以通过一个装置循环,通过将溶液输入到盐储层中,从而减少了渗透率和选择性筛选所需的样品数量。该研究为3d打印功能微流体装置的配方开发和后处理方法奠定了基础,该装置能够评估膜和聚合物吸附剂中溶质的选择性,用于水分离。在这项工作中,使用3d打印设备和传统检测方法观察到可比较的盐渗透率趋势。用咪唑配体对器件进行功能化,研究了一价盐和二价盐的渗透性和选择性。测量表明,在功能化膜中,相对于二价盐(MgCl2, CuCl2),一价盐(NaCl)的渗透性增加,随着咪唑接枝密度的增加,一价/二价选择性更高。本文描述的方法和发现代表了使用3d打印设备开发更高通量方法的一步,用于筛选配体化学对膜材料中质量传输速率的影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
6.00%
发文量
810
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Polymer Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of engineering, chemistry, physics, and biology relevant to applications of polymers. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates fundamental knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, polymer science and chemistry into important polymer applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses relationships among structure, processing, morphology, chemistry, properties, and function as well as work that provide insights into mechanisms critical to the performance of the polymer for applications.
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