Climate change drives plant diversity attrition at the summit of Mount Kenya

IF 8.3 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
New Phytologist Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI:10.1111/nph.20344
Zhihao Fu, Qinghua Zhan, Jonathan Lenoir, Shengwei Wang, Hong Qian, Jiongming Yang, Wenxuan Sun, Yuvenalis Morara Mbuni, Veronicah Mutele Ngumbau, Guangwan Hu, Xue Yan, Qingfeng Wang, Si-Chong Chen, Yadong Zhou
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Mountains play crucial roles in sustaining biodiversity by simultaneously serving as cradles, museums, or graves (Rangel et al., 2018; Rahbek et al., 2019), and are vital for the survival and sustainable development of human societies (Perrigo et al., 2020). The long-term changes in temperature and precipitation regimes driven by global warming have the potential to cause significant shifts in the elevational distributions of mountain species, thereby increasing the exposure of mountain biota to extinction risks with important consequences on human societies (Lenoir et al., 2008; Moritz et al., 2008; Lenoir & Svenning, 2015; Pecl et al., 2017).

Over the past century, numerous studies have investigated species elevational range shifts for terrestrial plants, animals, and even fungi, reporting upslope range shifts in response to anthropogenic climate change (Lenoir & Svenning, 2013; Freeman et al., 2018; Vitasse et al., 2021; Zu et al., 2021). Temperature has long been recognized as the primary factor limiting the distributions of plants and animals along elevational gradients in mountain systems (Chan et al., 2024). However, the widely held and oversimplified hypothesis that increasing temperature is the main driving force behind species range shifts overlooks the potential compounding impact of changes in precipitation regimes (Crimmins et al., 2011; Zu et al., 2022) and other abiotic as well as biotic factors (Lenoir et al., 2010). For instance, notable downslope shifts of mountain plants in California have been explained by species' niche tracking of regional changes in climatic water balance rather than temperature (Crimmins et al., 2011). Simultaneously, the substantial decrease in precipitation in the high-elevation regions of Mount Jinfo in China has caused native plants to migrate downslope (Zu et al., 2022). We speculate that the increase in temperature caused by climate warming generally promotes the migration of plants towards higher elevations, but a concomitant decrease in precipitation caused by climate warming at high elevations in mountainous regions could have the opposite effect, prompting plants to migrate downslope. Here, we used plant distribution data sourced from herbarium records of a tropical African mountain (i.e. Mount Kenya) to explore the effects of climate change, specifically the contrasting changes in temperature and precipitation regimes between upland (> 3100 m above sea level, asl) and lowland (≤ 3100 m asl) vegetation belts, on the migration patterns of seed plants.

气候变化导致肯尼亚山山顶植物多样性减少
引言山区在维持生物多样性方面发挥着至关重要的作用,它们同时是摇篮、博物馆或坟墓(Rangel等人,2018年;Rahbek等人,2019年),对人类社会的生存和可持续发展至关重要(Perrigo等人,2020年)。全球变暖导致的气温和降水机制的长期变化有可能使山区物种的海拔分布发生显著变化,从而增加山区生物群面临灭绝的风险,对人类社会产生重要影响(Lenoir 等人,2008 年;Moritz 等人,2008 年;Lenoir & S., 2008 年)、在过去的一个世纪中,许多研究调查了陆地植物、动物甚至真菌的物种海拔分布范围的变化,报告了人为气候变化引起的物种分布范围的上坡变化(Lenoir & Svenning, 2013; Freeman et al.)长期以来,人们一直认为温度是限制动植物在山区系统中沿海拔梯度分布的主要因素(Chan 等人,2024 年)。然而,人们普遍认为气温升高是物种分布范围变化的主要驱动力,但这一假设过于简单化,忽略了降水变化(Crimmins 等人,2011 年;Zu 等人,2022 年)和其他非生物及生物因素(Lenoir 等人,2010 年)的潜在复合影响。例如,加利福尼亚山区植物的显著下坡变化是由于物种的生态位追踪了区域气候水分平衡的变化,而不是温度的变化(Crimmins 等人,2011 年)。与此同时,中国金佛山高海拔地区降水量的大幅减少也导致本地植物向下迁移(Zu 等人,2022 年)。我们推测,气候变暖导致的气温升高通常会促进植物向高海拔地区迁移,但气候变暖导致山区高海拔地区降水量随之减少可能会产生相反的效果,促使植物向下迁移。在这里,我们利用来自非洲热带山地(即肯尼亚山)标本馆记录的植物分布数据来探讨气候变化对种子植物迁移模式的影响,特别是高地(海拔3100米)和低地(海拔≤3100米)植被带之间温度和降水量的对比变化。
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来源期刊
New Phytologist
New Phytologist 生物-植物科学
自引率
5.30%
发文量
728
期刊介绍: New Phytologist is an international electronic journal published 24 times a year. It is owned by the New Phytologist Foundation, a non-profit-making charitable organization dedicated to promoting plant science. The journal publishes excellent, novel, rigorous, and timely research and scholarship in plant science and its applications. The articles cover topics in five sections: Physiology & Development, Environment, Interaction, Evolution, and Transformative Plant Biotechnology. These sections encompass intracellular processes, global environmental change, and encourage cross-disciplinary approaches. The journal recognizes the use of techniques from molecular and cell biology, functional genomics, modeling, and system-based approaches in plant science. Abstracting and Indexing Information for New Phytologist includes Academic Search, AgBiotech News & Information, Agroforestry Abstracts, Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index, Botanical Pesticides, CAB Abstracts®, Environment Index, Global Health, and Plant Breeding Abstracts, and others.
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