Ambient air pollution undermines chemosensory sensitivity - a global perspective.

IF 3.8 2区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Anna Oleszkiewicz, Andrea Pozzer, Jonathan Williams, Thomas Hummel
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Abstract

This study offers insights into the complex relationship between chemical species constituting air pollution and chemosensory function. We examined the relationship between chemical species known to contribute to air pollution and assault human health and chemosensory sensitivity. Chemosensory sensitivity data was retrieved from a large-scale study involving 711 urban-dwelling participants inhabiting 10 different regions of the globe. Their olfactory threshold towards phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) and olfactory/trigeminal threshold towards Eucalyptol was measured in a multicentre study. We matched the individual chemosensory data with the levels of PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, CO at the location of testing sites, on the exact date of the test, using EMAC (ECHAM5/MESSy for Atmospheric Chemistry) model. Our findings indicate that air pollution negatively affects olfactory function and has cumulative negative effects with aging. The reported patterns are seasonal and increase during Autumn and Winter, and interact with medical conditions related to poorer olfactory function. We extend the current knowledge by demonstrating that olfactory/trigeminal perception is also disrupted by toxic air, albeit in a slightly different manner. The analyzed models promote a more complex perspective on the relationship between air composition and chemosensory sensitivity, but delineate problems related to the interdependence of the levels of chemical species constituting air pollution and using them together to predict chemosensory sensitivity. Conclusions point to the need to investigate the problem of air pollution and chemosensory health from a global perspective, as air quality partly accounts for the differences in chemosensory perception in different regions of the world.

本研究深入探讨了构成空气污染的化学物质与化学感觉功能之间的复杂关系。我们研究了已知的造成空气污染和损害人类健康的化学物质与化学感觉灵敏度之间的关系。我们从一项大规模研究中获取了化感敏感性数据,该研究涉及居住在全球 10 个不同地区的 711 名城市居民。在一项多中心研究中,我们测量了他们对苯乙醇(PEA)的嗅觉阈值和对桉叶油醇的嗅觉/三叉神经阈值。我们利用 EMAC(ECHAM5/MESSy for Atmospheric Chemistry)模型,将个人化学感觉数据与测试地点的 PM2.5、PM10、O3、NO2、SO2 和 CO 的水平进行了匹配,并准确地计算了测试日期。我们的研究结果表明,空气污染会对嗅觉功能产生负面影响,并且会随着年龄的增长而累积。所报告的模式具有季节性,在秋冬季节会增加,并与嗅觉功能较差的相关疾病相互作用。我们通过证明嗅觉/三叉神经感知也会受到有毒空气的干扰(尽管方式略有不同),扩展了现有知识。所分析的模型从一个更复杂的视角来看待空气成分与化学感官敏感性之间的关系,但也指出了与构成空气污染的化学物质水平的相互依存性有关的问题,以及使用这些化学物质来预测化学感官敏感性的问题。结论指出,有必要从全球角度研究空气污染和化感健康问题,因为空气质量是造成世界不同地区化感差异的部分原因。
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来源期刊
Scientific Reports
Scientific Reports Natural Science Disciplines-
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
4.30%
发文量
19567
审稿时长
3.9 months
期刊介绍: We publish original research from all areas of the natural sciences, psychology, medicine and engineering. You can learn more about what we publish by browsing our specific scientific subject areas below or explore Scientific Reports by browsing all articles and collections. Scientific Reports has a 2-year impact factor: 4.380 (2021), and is the 6th most-cited journal in the world, with more than 540,000 citations in 2020 (Clarivate Analytics, 2021). •Engineering Engineering covers all aspects of engineering, technology, and applied science. It plays a crucial role in the development of technologies to address some of the world''s biggest challenges, helping to save lives and improve the way we live. •Physical sciences Physical sciences are those academic disciplines that aim to uncover the underlying laws of nature — often written in the language of mathematics. It is a collective term for areas of study including astronomy, chemistry, materials science and physics. •Earth and environmental sciences Earth and environmental sciences cover all aspects of Earth and planetary science and broadly encompass solid Earth processes, surface and atmospheric dynamics, Earth system history, climate and climate change, marine and freshwater systems, and ecology. It also considers the interactions between humans and these systems. •Biological sciences Biological sciences encompass all the divisions of natural sciences examining various aspects of vital processes. The concept includes anatomy, physiology, cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics, and covers all organisms from microorganisms, animals to plants. •Health sciences The health sciences study health, disease and healthcare. This field of study aims to develop knowledge, interventions and technology for use in healthcare to improve the treatment of patients.
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