Physical One-Way Functions for Decentralized Consensus Via Proof of Physical Work

IF 14.3 1区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Marvin Winkler, Catharina Peither, Simon Petrick, Lothar Seidemann, Holger Jelich, Frank Kleine Jäger, Jörn Müller-Quade, Alexander Colsmann, Hermann Nirschl, Frank Rhein
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Abstract

Decentralized consensus on the state of the Bitcoin blockchain is ensured by proof of work. It relies on digital one-way functions and is associated with an enormous environmental impact. This paper conceptualizes a physical one-way function that aims to transform a digital, electricity-consuming consensus mechanism into a physical process. Boundary conditions for the security requirements are established and discussed as well as experimentally investigated for a specific setup based on printing and optical analysis of pigment-carrier composites. In the context of the applied methods, this setup promises to be mathematically unclonable, steady, reproducible, collision resistant and non-invertible and illustrates the feasibility of a physical one-way function. Based on this, a framework for proof of physical work is conceptualized, which has the potential of a drastically lower CO2 footprint. This work initiates a progressive, interdisciplinary field of research and demands further investigations with regards to alternative setups, security definitions and strategies for challenging them.

Abstract Image

通过物理工作证明实现去中心化共识的物理单向函数。
比特币区块链状态的去中心化共识是通过工作量证明来保证的。它依赖于数字单向功能,并与巨大的环境影响有关。本文概念化了一个物理单向函数,旨在将一个数字的、消耗电力的共识机制转化为一个物理过程。建立和讨论了安全要求的边界条件,并对基于印刷和光学分析的颜料载体复合材料的特定设置进行了实验研究。在应用方法的背景下,该设置承诺在数学上不可克隆,稳定,可重复,抗碰撞和不可逆转,并说明了物理单向函数的可行性。在此基础上,对体力劳动的证明框架进行了概念化,该框架具有大幅降低二氧化碳足迹的潜力。这项工作开创了一个进步的、跨学科的研究领域,并要求对替代设置、安全定义和挑战它们的策略进行进一步的调查。
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来源期刊
Advanced Science
Advanced Science CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARYNANOSCIENCE &-NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY
CiteScore
18.90
自引率
2.60%
发文量
1602
审稿时长
1.9 months
期刊介绍: Advanced Science is a prestigious open access journal that focuses on interdisciplinary research in materials science, physics, chemistry, medical and life sciences, and engineering. The journal aims to promote cutting-edge research by employing a rigorous and impartial review process. It is committed to presenting research articles with the highest quality production standards, ensuring maximum accessibility of top scientific findings. With its vibrant and innovative publication platform, Advanced Science seeks to revolutionize the dissemination and organization of scientific knowledge.
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