Boosting High Electric Breakdown Strength for Excellent Energy Storage Performance in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-Based Lead-Free Ceramics via a High Entropy Strategy

IF 8.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI:10.1021/acsami.4c15339

Pu Mao, Yongguang Guo, Ting Wang, Liqiang He, Wanjin Li, Zhiyong Liu, Bing Xie, Kun Guo, Longlong Shu, Jinghui Gao

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Abstract

High-performance dielectric capacitors featuring large recoverable energy storage density (W_rec) and high discharge efficiency (η) are beneficial to realize the device miniaturization, lightweight property, and sustainability of advanced pulse power systems. The obtainment of a high electric breakdown strength (E_b) is crucial for improving the energy storage performance of dielectric materials. However, as for Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃ (BNT) lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics, the relatively lower E_b directly limits their electrical performance improvement and practical applications. Herein, a popular high entropy strategy was employed to rationally design and prepare the (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_x(Sr_0.25Ba_0.25La_0.25K_0.25)_(1–x)TiO₃ (BNSLBKT-x) lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics based on the BNT matrix. Encouragingly, the BNSLBKT-0.2 high-entropy ceramic exhibits a high E_b of 510 kV/cm, and this can be ascribed to the refined grains and enhanced activation energy. Moreover, it is confirmed that the polar nanoregions (PNRs) exist in the BNSLBKT-0.2 ceramic by the piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characteristics, further strengthening relaxation behaviors and decreasing remanent polarization (P_r). It is anticipated that a high W_rec of 4.6 J/cm³ and a good η of 86% are obtained in this BNSLBKT-0.2 high-entropy ceramic. More importantly, the BNSLBKT-0.2 ceramic displays excellent frequency stability of capacitive energy storage at 10–1000 Hz and good temperature stability at 20–140 °C. The fast discharge rate (τ_0.9 = 0.26 μs) and the high P_D of 49.2 MW/cm are also achieved in this BNSLBKT-0.2 ceramic. The findings demonstrate that this high entropy design is an effective strategy for developing dielectrics with excellent energy storage capability to meet the requirements of modern dielectric capacitor applications.

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通过高熵策略提高 Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 基无铅陶瓷的高电击穿强度以实现卓越的储能性能

高性能电介质电容器具有较大的可恢复储能密度（Wrec）和较高的放电效率（η），有利于实现先进脉冲功率系统的设备微型化、轻量化和可持续性。获得高电击穿强度（Eb）对于提高电介质材料的储能性能至关重要。然而，Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3（BNT）无铅弛豫铁电陶瓷的 Eb 值相对较低，直接限制了其电性能的提高和实际应用。本文采用流行的高熵策略，合理地设计和制备了基于 BNT 基体的 (Bi0.5Na0.5)x(Sr0.25Ba0.25La0.25K0.25)(1-x)TiO3（BNSLBKT-x）无铅弛豫铁电陶瓷。令人鼓舞的是，BNSLBKT-0.2 高熵陶瓷显示出 510 kV/cm 的高 Eb，这可归因于晶粒的细化和活化能的增强。此外，压电响应力显微镜（PFM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）特性证实了极性纳米区域（PNR）存在于 BNSLBKT-0.2 陶瓷中，从而进一步加强了弛豫行为并降低了剩电极化（Pr）。预计这种 BNSLBKT-0.2 高熵陶瓷可获得 4.6 J/cm3 的高 Wrec 值和 86% 的良好 η 值。更重要的是，BNSLBKT-0.2 陶瓷在 10-1000 Hz 的电容储能频率稳定性和 20-140 °C 的温度稳定性方面表现出色。这种 BNSLBKT-0.2 陶瓷还实现了快速放电速率（τ0.9 = 0.26 μs）和 49.2 MW/cm 的高 PD。研究结果表明，这种高熵设计是开发具有出色储能能力的电介质的有效策略，可满足现代电介质电容器应用的要求。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.30%

发文量

4978

审稿时长

1.8 months

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces is a leading interdisciplinary journal that brings together chemists, engineers, physicists, and biologists to explore the development and utilization of newly-discovered materials and interfacial processes for specific applications. Our journal has experienced remarkable growth since its establishment in 2009, both in terms of the number of articles published and the impact of the research showcased. We are proud to foster a truly global community, with the majority of published articles originating from outside the United States, reflecting the rapid growth of applied research worldwide.