Two strains of cadmium (Cd)-resistant bacteria isolated from soils and their ability to promote oilseed rape (Brassica juncea L.) to grow and absorb Cd in soils

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125549

Fang Wang, Xia Jia, Yonghua Zhao, Xuelian Yang, Xiaojuan Feng

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Abstract

As a highly toxic, mobile, and persistent heavy metal, cadmium (Cd) in soils is becoming a crucial environmental problem. Most of classical physical and chemical remediation measures for Cd-contaminated soils possibly cause some dangers to soil structure and characteristics and potential secondary pollution, however, Cd-resistant microbial which can sequestrate Cd by releasing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) capable of ion exchange, coordination, and adsorption and improve plant growth should be favorable for remediation of Cd-contaminated soils due to being environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Therefore, the plant-microbe combination is becoming a priority option in the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils. Here, we isolated two strains of Cd-resistant bacteria from soils and investigated the ability of the two strains to promote growth of oilseed rape (Brassica juncea L.) and Cd uptake by the plants. Citrobacter farmeri and Cupriavidus gilardii were isolated from soils via culture media containing 30 and 50 mg /L Cd, respectively, which could release EPS including proteins, polysaccharide, and DNA. The EPS from C. gilardii was significantly higher than that from C. farmeri, and the proportion of protein in EPS was the highest for two strains. Additionally, two strains secreted indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and could solubilize phosphorus, and the ability of C. gilardii to secret IAA was significantly higher than that of C. farmeri. The pot experiment indicated that C. farmeri and C. gilardii significantly enhanced oilseed rape biomass (by 81.99% and 76.57%, respectively), C and N contents, Cd accumulation in plants by 229.03% and 264.63%, respectively, and remediation efficiency at 40 days after emergence (flowering stage). However, the difference in promoting plant growth and Cd uptake and phytoremediation efficiency of Cd-contaminated soils between the two strains was not significant. Overall, C. farmeri and C. gilardii isolated from soils might be promising strains in enhancing phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.

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从土壤中分离出的两株抗镉（Cd）细菌及其促进油菜（Brassica juncea L.）生长和吸收土壤中镉的能力

土壤中的镉（Cd）作为一种高毒性、高流动性、高持久性的重金属，正在成为一个重要的环境问题。针对镉污染土壤的大多数传统物理和化学修复措施可能会对土壤结构和特性造成一定的危害，并可能造成二次污染。然而，抗镉微生物能通过释放具有离子交换、配位和吸附能力的胞外高分子物质（EPS）来固存镉，并能改善植物生长，因其环境友好和成本效益高而成为镉污染土壤修复的有利选择。因此，植物-微生物组合正成为镉污染土壤修复的优先选择。在此，我们从土壤中分离出两株抗镉细菌，并研究了这两株细菌促进油菜（Brassica juncea L.）生长和植物吸收镉的能力。通过分别含有 30 和 50 mg /L Cd 的培养基从土壤中分离出了 Citrobacter farmeri 和 Cupriavidus gilardii，它们能释放出包括蛋白质、多糖和 DNA 在内的 EPS。Gilardii C. 的 EPS 明显高于 farmeri C. 的 EPS，其中两株 EPS 中蛋白质的比例最高。此外，两株菌株分泌吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA），并能溶解磷，其中 Gilardii 分泌 IAA 的能力明显高于 C. farmeri。盆栽实验表明，C. farmeri 和 C. gilardii 能显著提高油菜生物量（分别提高 81.99% 和 76.57%）、C 和 N 含量、植株镉积累量（分别提高 229.03% 和 264.63%）以及出苗后 40 天（开花期）的修复效率。然而，两种菌株在促进植物生长、镉吸收以及对镉污染土壤的植物修复效率方面的差异并不显著。总之，从土壤中分离的 C. farmeri 和 C. gilardii 可能是很有希望提高镉污染土壤植物修复效果的菌株。

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.