Linh Le Tran, An Le Pham, Minh Duc Do, Quynh Nhat Nguyen, Hieu K.T. Ngo, Hong H.T.C. Le, Vinh Nhu Nguyen, Dung Phung, Peter D. Sly, Phong K. Thai
{"title":"Assessing the impact of individual exposure to air pollution via biomarkers in sputum of children in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","authors":"Linh Le Tran, An Le Pham, Minh Duc Do, Quynh Nhat Nguyen, Hieu K.T. Ngo, Hong H.T.C. Le, Vinh Nhu Nguyen, Dung Phung, Peter D. Sly, Phong K. Thai","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125544","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the impact of exposure to air pollution on children’s health is critical for developing effective child health protection policies. Alveolar macrophage black carbon (AMBC) provides an indicator of personal exposure to air pollution. Hence, we aimed to examine air pollution exposure and its effects on children by measuring AMBC area and inflammatory cytokines in sputum. Sputum induction was attempted in 120 children aged 13–14 years, but samples of sufficient volume and quality for analysis were only obtained from 47 (39.2%). Alveolar macrophages (AMs) were visualized, and black carbon (BC) area quantified by microscopy. Participants completed questionnaires, recording air pollution exposure and respiratory symptoms. Univariable associations between AMBC area and respiratory symptoms, exposure variables, cytokines, and pulmonary function were examined. Multivariable regression was conducted, adjusting for potential confounders. The median AMBC area was 0.23 μm<sup>2</sup> (range: 0.09 to 0.77 μm<sup>2</sup>). Most participants (87%) reported a history of respiratory symptoms. AMBC area was related to the distance from home to school, living on the main road, and the habit of opening windows for ventilation. No significant associations were seen between AMBC area and respiratory symptoms, lung function, or inflammatory markers (IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-α). Our findings support the use of AMBC area as a biomarker of individual air pollution exposure. The lack of associations between AMBC area and health outcomes is likely due to a lack of study power, indicating more extensive studies are required.","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"254 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Pollution","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125544","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Understanding the impact of exposure to air pollution on children’s health is critical for developing effective child health protection policies. Alveolar macrophage black carbon (AMBC) provides an indicator of personal exposure to air pollution. Hence, we aimed to examine air pollution exposure and its effects on children by measuring AMBC area and inflammatory cytokines in sputum. Sputum induction was attempted in 120 children aged 13–14 years, but samples of sufficient volume and quality for analysis were only obtained from 47 (39.2%). Alveolar macrophages (AMs) were visualized, and black carbon (BC) area quantified by microscopy. Participants completed questionnaires, recording air pollution exposure and respiratory symptoms. Univariable associations between AMBC area and respiratory symptoms, exposure variables, cytokines, and pulmonary function were examined. Multivariable regression was conducted, adjusting for potential confounders. The median AMBC area was 0.23 μm2 (range: 0.09 to 0.77 μm2). Most participants (87%) reported a history of respiratory symptoms. AMBC area was related to the distance from home to school, living on the main road, and the habit of opening windows for ventilation. No significant associations were seen between AMBC area and respiratory symptoms, lung function, or inflammatory markers (IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-α). Our findings support the use of AMBC area as a biomarker of individual air pollution exposure. The lack of associations between AMBC area and health outcomes is likely due to a lack of study power, indicating more extensive studies are required.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health.
Subject areas include, but are not limited to:
• Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies;
• Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change;
• Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest;
• New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.