The deltoid muscle: a proposed classification system on human fetuses.

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Folia morphologica Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI:10.5603/fm.99966

Krzysztof Koptas, Krystian Maślanka, Nicol Zielinska, Ewa Klejman, Łukasz Olewnik

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The deltoid muscle originates from the spine of the scapula, the lateral border of the acromion and the lateral third of the clavicle. It inserts on the deltoid tuberosity. It is divided into three parts: spinal, acromial and clavicular. Our research shows that each part of the deltoid muscle can have up to three bellies during prenatal life.

Materials and methods: The material included 80 upper limbs of spontaneously-aborted human fetuses (32 male, 48 female; Central European population), 18-38 weeks of gestation at the time of death.

Results: Each part had one (Type I), two (Type II) or three (Type III) bellies. In all parts, the most common form was Type I: it was present in 81.25% of cases in the clavicular part, 73.75% in the acromial part and 57.5% in the spinal part. In contrast, Type III was the rarest form in all parts: it was present in 3.75% of cases in the clavicular part, 12.5% in the acromial part and 7.5% in the spinal part.

Conclusions: The deltoid muscle is characterized by morphological variability, even in fetuses.

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三角肌：一个关于人类胎儿的分类系统。

背景：三角肌起源于肩胛骨脊柱、肩峰外侧缘和锁骨外侧三分之一处。它插入三角肌结节。它分为三个部分：脊柱肌、肩峰肌和锁骨肌。我们的研究表明，三角肌的每个部分在产前可有多达三个腹部：材料：80 个自然流产的人类胎儿上肢（32 个男性，48 个女性；中欧人群），死亡时妊娠期为 18-38 周：每个部位都有一个（I 型）、两个（II 型）或三个（III 型）腹部。在所有部位中，最常见的是 I 型：81.25% 的病例出现在锁骨部位，73.75% 出现在肩峰部位，57.5% 出现在脊柱部位。相比之下，III 型是所有部位中最罕见的类型：3.75% 的病例出现在锁骨部位，12.5% 的病例出现在肩峰部位，7.5% 的病例出现在脊柱部位：结论：三角肌形态多变，即使在胎儿中也是如此。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Folia morphologica ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

218

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： "Folia Morphologica" is an official journal of the Polish Anatomical Society (a Constituent Member of European Federation for Experimental Morphology - EFEM). It contains original articles and reviews on morphology in the broadest sense (descriptive, experimental, and methodological). Papers dealing with practical application of morphological research to clinical problems may also be considered. Full-length papers as well as short research notes can be submitted. Descriptive papers dealing with non-mammals, cannot be accepted for publication with some exception.